Phlebologie 2017; 46(03): 143-147
DOI: 10.12687/phleb2363-3-2017
Review
Schattauer GmbH

Non-thermal endovenous treatment: acrylate adhesion of varicose saphenous veins

Article in several languages: English | deutsch
T. Hirsch
1   Praxis für Innere Medizin und Gefäßkrankheiten, Venen Kompetenz-Zentrum®, Halle (Saale), Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 13 February 2017

Accepted: 03 March 2017

Publication Date:
04 January 2018 (online)

Summary

Endovenous treatment of varicose veins, especially thermal procedures using laser and radio frequencies, has become established as an effective alternative to surgery by stripping and high ligation. Although these methods are very sparing and patient-friendly, they also entail risks and side effects. The risk of damage to peripheral and motor nerves is certainly lower than with open surgery, however it still exists as a result of heat application and tumescent anaesthesia.

Several non-thermal procedures which do not require the use of tumescent anaesthesia are coming onto the market. They carry a significantly lower risk of nerve lesions while remaining highly effective. The present work analyses the current state of knowledge on the latest to be developed, cyanoacrylate adhesion of incompetent saphenous veins.

 
  • References

  • 1 Babcock WW. A new operation fort he exstirpation of varicose veins of the leg. N Y Med J 1907; 86: 153-156.
  • 2 van Eekeren RR. et al. Update of endovenous treatment modalities for insufficient saphenous veins. Sem Vasc Surg 2014; 7: 117-135.
  • 3 Rasmussen L. et al. Randomized clinical trial comparing endovenous laser ablation, radiofrequency ablation, foam sclerotherapy, and surgical stripping for great saphenous varicose veins with 3-year follow-up. J Vasc Surg: Ven Lymph Dis 2013; 1 (Suppl. 04) 349-356.
  • 4 Gloviczki P. The care of patients with varicose veins and associated chronic venous diseases: clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery and the American Venous Forum. J Vasc Surg 2011; 53 (Suppl. 05) 2S-48S.
  • 5 http://guidance.nice.org.uk/CG168 published 07/2013, download 2016–02–07.
  • 6 Hirsch T. Varicose vein therapy and nerve lesions. Vasa 2017; 46 (Suppl. 02) 96-100.
  • 7 Almeida JI. et al. Cyanoacrylate adhesive for the closure of truncal veins: 60-day swine model results. Vasc Endovasc Surg 2011; 45: 631-635.
  • 8 2017 Buyer´s guide.. Endovascular Today Europe. 2017 5 (1).
  • 9 Kolluri R, Gibson K, Cher D. et al. Roll-in phase analysis of clinical study of cyanoacrylate closure for incompetent great saphenous veins. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2016; Oct 4 (Suppl. 04) 407-415.
  • 10 Quinn JC, Mittal N, Baisre A. et al. Vascular inflammation with eosinophils after the use of n-butyl cyanoacrylate liquid embolic system. J Neurointerv Surg 2011; 3 (Suppl. 01) 21-24.
  • 11 Wang YM, Cheng LF, Li N. Histopathological study of vascular changes after intra-arterial and intravenous injection of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. Chin J Dig Dis 2006; 7 (Suppl. 03) 175-179.
  • 12 Johnson GW, Smith GW. Effect Of Methyl Cyanoacrylate On The Central Nervous System. Nerve Anastomosis Surg Forum 1963; 14: 414-416.
  • 13 Trott AT. Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives. An advance in wound care. JAMA 1997; 277 (Suppl. 19) 1559-1560.
  • 14 Brothers MFI. et al. n-Butyl 2-cyanoacrylate-substitute for IBCA in interventional neuroradiology: histopathologic and polymerization time studies. Am J Neuroradiol 1989; 10 (Suppl. 04) 777-786.
  • 15 Sohn JJ. et al. Comparison of 2-Ethyl-Cyanoacry-late and 2-Butyl-Cyanoacrylate for Use on the Calvaria of CD1 Mice. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 2016; 55 (Suppl. 02) 199-203.
  • 16 Toriumi DM. et al. Histotoxicity of cyanoacry-late tissue adhesives. A comparative study. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1990; 116: 546-550.
  • 17 Nitsch A, Pabyk A, Honig JF. et al. Cellular, histomorphologic, and clinical characteristics of a new octyl-2-cyanoacrylate skin adhesive. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2005; 29 (Suppl. 01) 53-58.
  • 18 Vinters HV. et al. The histotoxicity of cyanoacrylates. Neuroradiology 1985; 27 (Suppl. 04) 279-291.
  • 19 Leggat PA, Smith DR, Kedjarune U. Surgical applications of cyanoacrylate adhesives: a review of toxicity. ANZ J Surg 2007; 77 (Suppl. 04) 209-213.
  • 20 Leggat PA. et al. Toxicity of cyanoacrylate adhesives and their occupational impacts for dental staff. Ind Health 2004; 42 (Suppl. 02) 207-211.
  • 21 Studer M, Pouget-Jasson C, Waton J. et al. A. How testing allergic contact dermatitis from octylcyanoacrylate tissue glue (Dermabond®). Revue francaise d’allergologie 2010; 50: 75-76.
  • 22 Bowen C. et al. Allergic contact dermatitis to 2-octyl cyanoacrylate. Cutis 2014; 94 (Suppl. 04) 183-186.
  • 23 Calnan CD. Cyanoacrylate dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 1979; 5: 165-167.
  • 24 Gibson K, Ferris B. Cyanoacrylate closure of incompetent great, small and accessory saphenous veins without the use of post-procedure compression: Initial outcomes of a post-market evaluation of the VenaSeal System (the WAVES Study). Vascular 2016 May 20. pii: 1708538116651014.
  • 25 Almeida JI, Javier JJ, Mackay EG. et al. Two-year follow-up of first human use of cyanoacrylate adhesive for treatment of saphenous vein incompetence. Phlebology 2015; 30 (Suppl. 06) 397-404.
  • 26 Proebstle T, Alm J, Dimitri S. et al. The European multicenter cohort study on cyanoacrylate embolization of refluxing great saphenous veins. J Vasc Surg: Venous and Lym Dis 2015; 3 (Suppl. 01) 2-7.
  • 27 Morrison N. et al. Randomized trial comparing cyanoacrylate embolization and radiofrequency ablation for incompetent great saphenous veins (VeClose). J Vasc Surg 2015; 61 (Suppl. 04) 985-994.
  • 28 Çalık ES, Arslan Ü, Ayaz F. et al. N-butyl cyanoacrylate in the treatment of venous insufficiencythe effect of embolisation with ablative polymerisation. Vasa 2016; 45 (Suppl. 03) 241-246.
  • 29 Zierau UT. 101420-Tage-Ergebnisse an 795 behandelten Stammvenen. Vasomed 2015; 27: 124-127.
  • 30 Zierau UT. Venenverklebung versus Radiofrequenztherapie bei Varikosis. Vasomed 2016; 5: 212-216.
  • 31 Almeida JI, Javier JJ, Mackay E. et al. First human use of cyanoacrylate adhesive for treatment of saphenous vein incompetence. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2013; 1 (Suppl. 02) 174-180.
  • 32 Almeida JI. et al. Three-Year Follow-Up of First Human Use of Cyanoacrylate Adhesive for Treat-.