Download PDF
Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2012; 25(06): 445-452
DOI: 10.3415/VCOT-10-10-0146
Original Research
Schattauer GmbH

Healing and expression of growth factors (TGF-β and PDGF) in canine radial ostectomy gap containing platelet-rich plasma

T. F. B. Souza
1   Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Araçatuba; Department of Clinic, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
,
A. L. Andrade
1   Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Araçatuba; Department of Clinic, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
,
G. T. N. M. Ferrreira
1   Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Araçatuba; Department of Clinic, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
,
S. S. Sakamoto
1   Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Araçatuba; Department of Clinic, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
,
V. B. Albuquerque
1   Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Araçatuba; Department of Clinic, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
,
S. R. M. Bonfim
1   Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Araçatuba; Department of Clinic, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
,
M. C. R. Luvizotto
1   Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Araçatuba; Department of Clinic, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
,
M. J. Q. Louzada
1   Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Araçatuba; Department of Clinic, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received 25 October 2010

Accepted 11 June 2012

Publication Date:
19 December 2017 (online)

    Permissions and Reprints

Summary

Objectives: To evaluate bone healing in an experimental radial ostectomy in dogs treated with autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), through histological, densitometric, radiographic studies, as well as expression of growth factors in the ostectomy gap.

Methods: Twenty-one dogs were randomly divided into either a control or a PRP group. All underwent unilateral ostectomy of the radius to generate a gap of 2.0 mm, that was stabilized with external skeletal fixation. The ostectomy gap was either filled with PRP or left empty as a control. The radiographic and densitometric studies were performed after surgery, then at intervals until 60 days during the post-surgery period. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluations were performed at seven or 60 days post-surgery. Analyses were performed using a statistical analysis system, and the level of significance was set at p <0.05.

Results: The median radiographic healing score in the PRP group increased significantly between day 0 and day 60. Furthermore, at 60 days, the median healing score and the proportion of healed ostectomies in the control group (score 1; 1/6 healed) and the PRP group (score 5; 4/5 healed) were significantly different. There were differences between groups in radiographic and densitometric values at days 45 and 60. The histological evaluation showed advanced bone healing at 60 days in the PRP group and signs of delayed union in the control group.

Clinical relevance: Platelet-rich plasma can be used as an adjuvant therapy because it may promote better bone healing of a radial ostectomy treated with external skeletal fixation in dogs.

Keywords

Platelet-rich plasma - TGF-β - transforming growth factor beta - platelet growth factors - PDGF - experimental ostectomy - dogs
 

  • References

  • 1 Hulse DA, Johnson AL. Fundamentos da cirurgia ortopédica e tratamento de fraturas [Fundamentals of orthopedic surgery and the treatment of fractures]. In: Fossum TW. editor. Cirurgia de pequenos animais [Small Animal Surgery]. São Paulo, SP: Roca; 2002. pg. 787-853.
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Boudrieau RJ. Fraturas do rádio e da ulna [Fractures of the radius and ulna]. In: Slatter D. editor. Manual de cirurgia de pequenos animais [Handbook of Small Animal Surgery]. São Paulo, SP: Manole; 2007. pg. 1953-1973.
    Google Scholar
  • 3 Jackson AM, Millis DL. Uniões tardias, não-uniões e má-uniões [Late unions, non-unions and bad unions]. In: Slatter D. editor. Manual de cirurgia de pequenos animais [Handbook of Small Animal Surgery]. São Paulo, SP: Manole; 2007. pg. 1849-1861.
    Google Scholar
  • 4 Millis DL. Bone and non-bone-derived growth factors and effects on bone healing. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1999; 29: 1221-1245.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Obarrio JJ, Araúz-Dutari JI, Chamberlain TD. et al. The use of autologous growth factors in periodontal surgical therapy: platelet gel biotechnology: case reports. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2000; 20: 487-497.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Henderson JL, Cupp CL, Ross EV. et al. The effects of autologous platelet gel on wound healing. Ear Nose Throat J 2003; 82: 598-602.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Marx RE. Platelet-rich plasma: evidence to support its use. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004; 62: 489-496.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Stief M, Gotlschalk J, Ionita J-C. Concentration of platelets and growth factors in canine autologous conditioned plasma. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2011; 24: 122-125.
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Marx RE, Carlson ER, Eichstaedt RM. et al. Platelet-rich plasma: growth factor enhancement for bone grafts. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998; 85: 638-646.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Wrotniak M, Bielecki T, Gazdzik TS. Current opinion about using the platelet-rich gel in orthopaedics and trauma surgery. Ortop Traumatol Rehabil 2007; 9: 227-238.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Marx RE. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP): what is PRP and what is not PRP?. Implant Dent 2001; 10: 225-228.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Sanchez AR, Sheridan PJ, Kupp LI. Is platelet-rich plasma the perfect enhancement factor? Current Review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2003; 18: 93-103.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Wilson LMT, Barbieri CH, Mazzer N. Estimulação da cicatrização óssea pelo plasma autógeno rico em plaquetas. Estudo experimental em coelhos [Stimulation of bone healing by autologous platelet-rich plasma. An experimental study in rabbits]. Acta Ortop Bras 2006; 14: 208-212.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Silva SB, Feerigno CRA, Aterman FA. et al. Plasma rico em plaquetas combinado a hidroxiapatita na formação de calo ósseo em fraturas induzidas experimentalmente no radio de cães [Platelet-rich plasma and hydroxyapatite in bone callus formation in fractures induced experimentally in dogs]. Ciênc Rural 2007; 37: 1045-1051.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Nash TJ, Howletl CR, Martin C. et al. Effect of platelet-derived growth factor on tibial osteotomies in rabbits. Bone 1994; 15: 203-208.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Canalis E, McCarthy TL, Centrella M. Growth factors and cytokines in bone cell metabolism. Annu Rev Med 1991; 42: 17-24.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Rutkowski JL, Thomas JM, Bering CL. et al. An Analysis of a rapid, simple, and inexpensive technique used to obtain platelet-rich plasma for use in clinical practice. J Oral Implantol 2008; 34: 25-33.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Garg AK. The future role of growth factors in bone grafting. Dent Implantol Update 1999; 10: 5-7.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Martinez SA, Walker T. Bone grafts. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1999; 29: 1207-1219.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Thorn JJ, Sorensen H, Weis-Fogh U. et al. Autologous fibrin glue with growth factors in reconstructive maxillofacial surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004; 33: 95-100.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Vendramin FS, Franco D, Nogueira CM. et al. Plasma rico em plaquetas e fatores de crescimento: técnica de preparo e utilização em cirurgia plástica. Rev Col Bras Cir 2006; 33: 208-212.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Gerard D, Carlson ER, Gotcher JE. et al. Effects of platelet-rich plasma on the healing of autologous bone grafted mandibular defects in dog. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 64: 443-451.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Schwartz-Arad D, Levin L, Alba M. The use of platelets rich plasma (PRP) and platelets rich fibrin (PRF) extracts in dental implantology and oral surgery. Refuat Ha-peh Veha-shinayim 2007; 24: 51-55.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Rutkowski JL, Fennell JW, Kern JC. et al. Inhibition of alveolar osteitis in mandibular tooth extraction sites using platelet-rich plasma. J Oral Implantol 2007; 33: 116-121.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Vasconcelos Gurgel BC, Gonçalves PF, Pimentel SP. et al. Platelet-rich plasma may not provide any additional effect when associated with guided bone regeneration around dental implants in dogs. Clin Oral Impl Res 2007; 18: 649-654.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Rabillard M, Grand JG, Dalibert E. et al. Effects of autologous platelet rich plasma gel and calcium phosphate biomaterials on bone healing in an ulnar ostectomy model in dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2009; 22: 460-466.
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Tranquilli WJ, Thurmon JC, Grimm KA. Lumb & Jones' Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Carlson, Victoria, Australia: Blackwell; 2007. pg. 1096.
    Google Scholar
  • 28 Dias ECLCM, Barros MAA, Andrade R. Plasma Rico em Plaquetas [Platelet-rich plasma]. RBP: Revista Brasileira de Implantodontia Prótese Sobre Implante 2002; 8: 36-38.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Oyama T, Nishomoto S, Tsugawa T. et al. Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in alveolar bone grafting. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004; 62: 555-558.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Piermattei DL, Flo GL. Manual de ortopedia e tratamento das fraturas dos pequenos animais [Manual of Orthopedics and Treatment of Fractures of Small Animals]. São Paulo: Manole; 1999. pg. 694.
    Google Scholar
  • 31 Barbosa ALT, Del Carlo RJ, Gomes HC. et al. Plasma rico em plaquetas para reparação de falhas ósseas em cães [Platelet-rich plasma for repair of bone defects in dogs]. Ciênc Rural 2008; 38: 1335-1340.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Silva PSA, Del Carlo RJ, Serakides R. et al. Plasma rico em plaquetas associado ou não ao osso esponjoso autógeno no reparo de falhas ósseas experimentais [Platelet-rich plasma with or without autogenous cancellous bone to repair experimental bone defects]. Ciênc Rural 2009; 39: 129-134.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Gerard D, Carlson ER, Gotcher JE. et al. Effects of platelet-rich plasma at the cellular level on healing of autologous bone-grafted mandibular defects in dogs. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007; 65: 721-727.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Hulse D, Hyman B. Biomecânica e biologia das fraturas [Biomechanics and Biology of Fractures]. In: Slatter D. editor. Manual de cirurgia de pequenos animais [Handbook of Small Animal Surgery]. São Paulo, SP: Manole; 2007. pg. 1785-1792.
    Google Scholar
  • 35 Andrew JG, Hoyland JA, Freemont AJ. et al. Platelet-derived growth factor expression in normally healing human fractures. Bone 1995; 16: 455-460.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar