TY - JOUR AU - Kopp, Thomas; Salzer, Liesa; Abdel-Tawab, Mona; Mizaikoff, Boris TI - Efficient Extraction of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Plants by Pressurised Liquid Extraction – A Preliminary Study SN - 0032-0943 SN - 1439-0221 PY - 2020 JO - Planta Med JF - Planta Medica LA - EN VL - 86 IS - 01 SP - 85 EP - 90 ET - 2019/10/21 DA - 2020/01/06 KW - pyrrolizidine alkaloids KW - Symphytum officinale KW - Tussilago farfara KW - Senecio jacobaea KW - Jacobaea vulgaris KW - pressurised liquid extraction KW - Boraginaceae KW - Asteraceae AB - Pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their corresponding pyrrolizidine alkaloid-N-oxides are secondary plant constituents that became the subject of public concern due to their hepatotoxic, pneumotoxic, genotoxic, and cytotoxic effects. In contrast to the well-established analytical separation and detection methods, only a few studies have investigated the extraction of pyrrolizidine alkaloids/pyrrolizidine alkaloid-N-oxides from plant material. In this study, we have applied pressurized liquid extraction with the aim of evaluating the effect of various parameters on the recovery of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. The nature of the modifier (various acids, NH3) added to the aqueous extraction solvent, its concentration (1 or 5%), and the temperature (50 – 125 °C) were systematically varied. To analyse a wide range of structurally different pyrrolizidine alkaloids, Jacobaea vulgaris (syn. Senecio jacobaea), Tussilago farfara, and Symphytum officinale were included. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids were quantified by HPLC-MS/MS and the results obtained by pressurised liquid extraction were compared with the amount of pyrrolizidine alkaloids determined by an official reference method. Using this approach, increased rates of recovery were obtained for J. vulgaris (up to 174.4%), T. farfara (up to 156.5%), and S. officinale (up to 288.7%). Hence, pressurised liquid extraction was found to be a promising strategy for the complete and automated extraction of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which could advantageously replace other time- and solvent-consuming extraction methods. PB - Georg Thieme Verlag KG DO - 10.1055/a-1023-7419 UR - http://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/a-1023-7419 ER -