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Semin Neurol 2016; 36(01): 041-046
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1571211
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Update on the Use of Botulinum Toxin Therapy for Focal and Task-Specific Dystonias

Codrin Lungu
1   Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
,
Omar F. Ahmad
1   Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Publikationsdatum:
11. Februar 2016 (online)

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Abstract

Focal dystonia is defined by anatomical distribution and represents a distinct entity from generalized dystonia. Task-specific dystonia occurs in the context of specific patterns of movement. Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections are the treatment of choice in most cases. Several formulations are available; the approved indications, dosing, and some administration details, differ between them. The major forms of focal and task-specific dystonia are reviewed, along with the evidence for BoNT therapy, the expected benefit and side effects, and practical points guiding the injections.

Keywords

botulinum - dystonia - therapy - task-specific - focal dystonia
 

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