Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2008; 36(06): 421-427
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1623870
Andere Tierarten
Schattauer GmbH

Dermatologie bei Neuweltkameliden

Teil 2: Übersicht der dermatologischen ErkrankungenDermatology in South American Camelids. Part 2: Review of the most relevant skin diseases
P. Zanolari
1   Wiederkäuerklinik (Direktor: Prof. Dr. A. Steiner)
,
M. Meylan
1   Wiederkäuerklinik (Direktor: Prof. Dr. A. Steiner)
,
H. Sager
2   Institut für Parasitologie (Direktor: Prof. B. Gottstein)
,
M. Herrli-Gygi
1   Wiederkäuerklinik (Direktor: Prof. Dr. A. Steiner)
,
S. Rüfenacht
3   Abteilung klinische Dermatologie (Leiterin: PD Dr. P. Roosje) der Vetsuisse-Fakultät der Universität Bern
,
P. Roosje
3   Abteilung klinische Dermatologie (Leiterin: PD Dr. P. Roosje) der Vetsuisse-Fakultät der Universität Bern
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Eingegangen: 08 October 2007

akzeptiert: 08 January 2008

Publication Date:
06 January 2018 (online)

Zusammenfassung

Hauterkrankungen machen einen großen Teil der Krankheiten bei Neuweltkameliden aus. Der vorliegende zweite Teil der Arbeit gibt eine Übersicht über die häufigsten dermatologischen Erkrankungen und präsentiert die aktuellen Behandlungsschemata in praxisgerechter Form. Die Diagnosestellung, Prognose und Therapie werden bei den häufig vorkommenden Fällen von Alopezie, Schuppen- und Krustenbildung im Detail vorgestellt. Differenzialdiagnostisch kommen ein Milbenbefall, eine zinkabhängige Dermatose und idiopathische Hyperkeratose infrage.

Summary

Dermatologic diseases are one of the most important health problems encountered in camelids. In the se - cond part of this review article common skin diseases in alpacas and llamas are discussed. Diagnostic work-up and clinical management as well as prognosis of lamoids with alopecia, scales and crusts are presented in detail. Differential diagnosis comprises ectoparasitic infections, zinc-responsive and idiopathic dermatitis.

 
  • Literatur

  • 1 Atlee BA, Barbet J. Llama dermatology. In: Advances in Veterinary Dermatology. Ihrke PJ, Mason IS, White D. eds. Oxford: Pergamon Press; 1993: 413-416.
  • 2 Bates PG. Inter- and intra-specific variation within the genus Psoroptes (Acari: Psoroptidae). Vet Parasitol 1999; 83: 201-217.
  • 3 Bates P, Duff P, Windsor R, Devoy J, Otter A, Sharp M. Mange mite species affecting camelids in the UK. Vet Rec 2001; 149 (Suppl. 15) 463-464.
  • 4 Bostedt H. Haut und Haarkleid. In: Schaf- und Ziegenkrankheiten. Loeffler K, Strauch D. Hrsg. Stuttgart: Ulmer; 1996: 228-230.
  • 5 Bostedt H. Viruskrankheiten. In: Schaf- und Ziegenkrankheiten. Loeffler K, Strauch D. Hrsg. Stuttgart: Ulmer; 1996: 37-41.
  • 6 Borgsteede FH, Timmerman A, Harmsen MM. A case of very serious sarcoptes mange in alpacas (Lama pacos). Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 2006; 131 (Suppl. 08) 282-283.
  • 7 Burkholder TH, Jensen J, Chen H, Junkins K, Chatfield J, Boothe D. Plasma evaluation for ivermectin in llamas (Lama glama) after standard subcutaneous dosing. J Zoo Wildl Med 2004; 35 (Suppl. 03) 395-396.
  • 8 Cecchi R, D’Alterio GL, Pearson GR, Foster AP. Retrospective histopathological study of some skin disorders of alpacas (Lama pacos). Verh Ber Erkrg Zootiere 2003; 41: 179-183.
  • 9 Cicchino AC, Cobenas ME, Munoz Bulman G, Diaz JC, Laos A. Identification of Microthoracius mazzai (Phthiraptera: Anoplura) as an economically important parasite of alpacas. J Med Entomol 1998; 35 (Suppl. 06) 922-930.
  • 10 Clark A. New developments in large animal histopathology. Proceedings of the 5th World Congress of Veterinary Dermatology, Vienna, 25th-28th August 2004; 108-113.
  • 11 Clauss M, Lendl C, Schramel P, Streich WJ. Skin lesions in alpacas and llamas with low zinc and copper status – a preliminary report. Vet J 2004; 167 (Suppl. 03) 302-305.
  • 12 Cremers HJ. The incidence of Chorioptes bovis (Acarina: Psoroptidae) on the feet of horses, sheep, and goats in the Netherlands. Vet Q 1985; 7: 283-289.
  • 13 Curtis CF, Chappell SJ, Last R. Concurrent sarcoptic and chorioptic acariosis in a British llama (Lama glama). Vet Rec 2001; 149: 208-209.
  • 14 D’Alterio GL, Batty A, Laxon K, Duffus P, Wall R. Psoroptes species in alpacas. Vet Rec 2001; 149 (Suppl. 03) 96.
  • 15 D’Alterio GL, Callaghan C, Just C, Manner-Smith A, Foster AP, Knowles TG. Prevalence of Chorioptes sp. mite infestation in alpaca (Lama pacos) in the south-west of England: implications for skin health. Small Rumin Res 2005; 57: 221-228.
  • 16 D’Alterio GL, Jackson AP, Knowles TG, Foster AP. Comparative study of the efficacy of eprinomectin versus ivermectin, and field efficacy of eprinomectin only, for the treatment of chorioptic mange in alpacas. Vet Parasitol 2005; 130: 267-275.
  • 17 Foreyt W, Rickard LG, Boyce W. Psoroptes sp. in two llamas (Lama glama) in Washington. J Parasitol 1992; 78 (Suppl. 01) 153-155.
  • 18 Fowler ME, Pappagianis D, Ingram I. Coccidioidomycosis in llamas in the United States: 19 cases (1981–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1992; 201 (Suppl. 10) 1609-1614.
  • 19 Fowler ME. Parasites. In Medicine and Surgery of South American Camelids. Fowler ME. ed. Ames IA: Iowa State University Press; 1998: 195-230.
  • 20 Geurden T, Deprez P, Vercruysse J. Treatment of sarcoptic, psoroptic and chorioptic mange in a Belgian alpaca herd. Vet Rec 2003; 153 (Suppl. 11) 331-332.
  • 21 Hengrave Burri I, Martig H, Sager H, Liesegang A, Meylan M. Neuweltkameliden in der Schweiz. I. Population, Haltung und Gesundheitsprobleme. Schweiz Arch Tierheilk 2005; 147 (Suppl. 08) 325-334.
  • 22 Hunter RP, Isaza R, Koch DE, Dodd CC, Goatley MA. Moxidectin plasma concentrations following topical administration to llamas (Lama glama) and alpacas (Lama pacos). Small Rumin Res 2004; 52: 275-279.
  • 23 Hunter RP, Isaza R, Koch DE, Dodd CC, Goatley MA. The pharmacokinetics of topical doramectin in llamas (Lama glama) and alpacas (Lama pacos). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2004; 27 (Suppl. 03) 187-189.
  • 24 Jarvinen JA, Miller JA, Oehler DD. Pharmacokinetics of ivermectin in llamas (Lama glama). Vet Rec 2002; 150 (Suppl. 11) 344-346.
  • 25 Köhler B, Puls H. Dermatophilus congolensis-Infektion in Brandenburg. Dtsch Tierärztl Wschr 1995; 102 (Suppl. 02) 96-101.
  • 26 Kutzer E. Arthropodenbefall bei Wiederkäuern. In: Veterinärmedizinische Parasitologie. Rommel M, Eckert J, Kutzer E, Körting W, Schnieder T. Hrsg. Berlin: Parey; 2000: 296-337.
  • 27 Lau P, Hill PB, Rybnícek J, Steel L. Sarcoptic mange in three alpacas treated successfully with amitraz. Vet Dermal 2007; 18: 272-277.
  • 28 Leguia G. The epidemiology and economic impact of llama parasites. Parasitol Today 1991; 7 (Suppl. 02) 54-56.
  • 29 Leichner T, Turner O, Mason G, Barrington G. Cutaneous metastases of a mammary carcinoma in a llama. Can Vet J 2001; 42 March 204-206.
  • 30 Liebisch A. Long-term effect of insecticide-bearing ear tags (permethrin and cypermethrin) in controlling flies and tabanids on pasturing cattle in North Germany. Dtsch Tierärztl Wschr 1985; 92 (Suppl. 05) 186-191.
  • 31 McKenna PB, Hill FI, Gillett R. Sarcoptes scabiei infection on an alpaca (Lama pacos). N Z Vet J 2005; 53 (Suppl. 03) 213.
  • 32 Mellanby K. Sarcoptic mange in the alpaca. Transactions of the Royal Society of tropical medicine and hygiene 1948; 40: 359.
  • 33 Moll HD, Schumacher J, Hoover TR. Entomophthoramycosis conidiobolae in a llama. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1992; 200 (Suppl. 07) 969-970.
  • 34 Palma RL, McKenna PB, Aitken P. Confirmation of the occurrence of the chewing louse Bovicola (Lepikentron) breviceps (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Trichodectidae) on alpacas (Lama pacos) in New Zealand. N Z Vet J 2006; 54 (Suppl. 05) 253.
  • 35 Plant JD, Kutzler MA, Cebra CK. Efficacy of topical eprinomectin in the treatment of Chorioptes sp. infestation in alpacas and llamas. Vet Dermatol 2007; 18 (Suppl. 01) 59-62.
  • 36 Radi ZA, Miller DL, Liggett AD. Cutaneous melanocytoma in a llama (Lama glama). Vet Res Commun 2005; 29 (Suppl. 02) 137-140.
  • 37 Rogers K, Barrington GM, Parish SM. Squamous cell carcinoma originating from a cutaneous scar in a llama. Can Vet J 1997; 38 (Suppl. 10) 643-644.
  • 38 Rosychuk RA. Llama dermatology. Vet Clin North Am [Food Anim Pract] 1989; 5 (Suppl. 01) 203-215.
  • 39 Rosychuk RA. Llama dermatology. Vet Clin North Am [Food Anim Pract] 1994; 10 (Suppl. 02) 228-239.
  • 40 Schulman FY, Krafft AE, Janczewski T, Reupert R, Jackson K, Garner MM. Camelid mucoutaneous fibropapillomas: clinicopathologic findings and association with papillomavirus. Vet Pathol 2003; 40 (Suppl. 01) 103-107.
  • 41 Scott DW. Nutritional skin disease. In: Color Atlas of Farm Animal Dermatology. Scott DW. ed. Ames Iowa: Blackwell; 2007: 141-142.
  • 42 Scott DW, Miller WH. Diagnostic methods. In: Equine Dermatology. Scott DW, Miller WH. eds. St. Louis, Missouri: Saunders; 2003: 59-162.
  • 43 Scott DW, Miller WH. Neoplastic and nonneoplastic tumors. In: Equine Dermatology. Scott DW, Miller WH. eds. St. Louis, Missouri: Saunders; 2003: 699-795.
  • 44 Toutain PL, Upson DW, Terhune TN, McKenzie ME. Comparative pharmacokinetics of doramectin and ivermectin in cattle. Vet Parasitol 1997; 72 (Suppl. 01) 3-8.
  • 45 Vaughan JL. Eradication of the camelid biting louse, Bovicola breviceps. Austr Vet J 2004; 82 (Suppl. 04) 218-219.
  • 46 Zanolari P, Meylan M, Roosje P. Dermatologie bei Neuweltkameliden. Teil 1: Propädeutik und dermatologische Diagnostik. Tierärztl Prax 2008; 36 (G) 304-308.