Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Respiratory Monitoring and Pulmonary Physiology

Remi Coudroy; Lu Chen; Tài Pham; Thomas Piraino; Irene Telias; Laurent Brochard

doi:10.1055/s-0039-1685159

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 40(01): 066-080
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1685159

Review Article

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Respiratory Monitoring and Pulmonary Physiology

Authors

Remi Coudroy

¹Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

²Keenan Research Centre and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada

³Service de Réanimation Médicale, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France

⁴INSERM CIC1402, groupe ALIVE, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
Lu Chen

¹Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

²Keenan Research Centre and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
Tài Pham

¹Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

²Keenan Research Centre and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
Thomas Piraino

¹Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

²Keenan Research Centre and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
Irene Telias

¹Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

²Keenan Research Centre and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
Laurent Brochard

¹Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

²Keenan Research Centre and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada

Abstract

The high prevalence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), its morbidity and mortality continue to fare a huge burden in the intensive care unit. More than 40 years ago, experimental studies have highlighted that, albeit essential, mechanical ventilation could be harmful to lungs and more recently to the diaphragm. Despite life-saving advances in mechanical ventilation (such as low tidal-volume ventilation, neuromuscular blockers agents, or prone positioning), a recent international observational study reported that most ARDS patients were not appropriately monitored. The monitoring capabilities of ventilators, in particular the simple interaction of the patient and the mechanical ventilation, are very powerful but are underutilized. This lack of monitoring may contribute to the persisting poor outcome of patients with ARDS. Providing a more careful ventilation is a priority to improve patients' outcomes. To achieve this goal, it is of paramount importance to better understand the complex relationship between the patient and the ventilator: the impact of ventilator settings on lungs during passive controlled ventilation, but also of patient's breathing efforts on lungs during assisted ventilation. In this review we present available tools to monitor respiratory mechanics at the bedside aiming at optimizing and personalizing mechanical ventilation. Hopefully, this careful management can decrease mortality of patients with ARDS in the future.

Keywords

acute respiratory distress syndrome - mechanical ventilation - respiratory physiology

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Referenzen

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