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Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 72(05): 346-357
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786758
Review Article

Cardiac Surgery 2023 Reviewed

Authors

  • Hristo Kirov

    1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany

  • Tulio Caldonazo

    1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany

  • Murat Mukharyamov

    1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany

  • Sultonbek Toshmatov

    1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany

  • Johannes Fischer

    1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany

  • Ulrich Schneider

    2   Department of Cardiac Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg Saar, Germany

  • Thierry Siemeni

    1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany

  • Torsten Doenst

    1   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
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Abstract

We reviewed the cardiac surgical literature for 2023. PubMed displayed almost 34,000 hits for the search term “cardiac surgery AND 2023.” We used a PRISMA approach for a results-oriented summary. Key manuscripts addressed the mid- and long-term effects of invasive treatment options in patient populations with coronary artery disease (CAD), comparing interventional therapy (percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]) with surgery (coronary artery bypass graft [CABG]). The literature in 2023 again confirmed the excellent long-term outcomes of CABG compared with PCI in patients with left main stenosis, specifically in anatomically complex chronic CAD, but even in elderly patients, generating further support for an infarct-preventative effect as a prognostic mechanism of CABG. For aortic stenosis, a previous trend of an early advantage for transcatheter (transcatheter aortic valve implantation [TAVI]) and a later advantage for surgical (surgical aortic valve replacement) treatment was also re-confirmed by many studies. Only the Evolut Low Risk trial maintained an early advantage of TAVI over 4 years. In the mitral and tricuspid field, the number of interventional publications increased tremendously. A pattern emerges that clinical benefits are associated with repair quality, making residual regurgitation not irrelevant. While surgery is more invasive, it currently generates the highest repair rates and longest durability. For terminal heart failure treatment, donor pool expansion for transplantation and reducing adverse events in assist device therapy were issues in 2023. Finally, the aortic diameter related to adverse events and technical aspects of surgery dominated in aortic surgery. This article summarizes publications perceived as important by us. It cannot be complete nor free of individual interpretation, but provides up-to-date information for patient-specific decision-making.

Keywords

aortic valve - mitral valve surgery - tricuspid valve - coronary artery bypass grafting - CABG - aorta - transplantation - heart

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 06 February 2024

Accepted: 03 April 2024

Article published online:
13 May 2024

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