Zusammenfassung
Ziel der vorliegenden Übersicht ist die Charakterisierung des derzeitigen Stellenwerts
der Mehrschicht-CT (MSCT) in der Frühdiagnostik ischämischer zerebraler Insulte anhand
eigener Erfahrungen und einer Literaturübersicht. Am Beispiel der kranialen Standarduntersuchung,
der CT-Angiographie (CTA) und der Perfusions-CT werden die diagnostischen Möglichkeiten
der MSCT mit denen der Einzelschicht-CT (ESCT) verglichen. Bei der CTA bietet die
MSCT deutlich Vorteile gegenüber der ESCT. Bei der Perfusions-CT bringt die MSCT nur
eine relativ geringe Verbesserung gegenüber der ESCT. Bei der Standarduntersuchung
halten wir ESCT und MSCT für gleichwertig. Schlussfolgerungen: CTA und Perfusions-CT sollten bei Schlaganfallpatienten eingesetzt werden, wenn die
Indikation zu einer Lysetherapie diskutiert wird, aber keine Magnetresonanztomographie
(MRT) mit diffusions- und perfusionsgewichteten Aufnahmen durchgeführt werden kann.
Dies gilt unabhängig davon, ob die CT-Messungen mit der Einzelschicht- oder der Mehrschichttechnik
erfolgen. Sind CT und MRT mit den erforderlichen Zusatzverfahren verfügbar, sollte
weiterhin der MRT der Vorzug gegeben werden.
Abstract
The aim of this survey is the characterization of the present value of multi-slice
computed tomography (MSCT) for the assessment of hyperacute cerebral ischemia based
on our experience and a review of the literature. MSCT is compared with single-slice
CT (SSCT) as to the diagnostic value of standard cranial CT, CT angiography (CTA)
and perfusion CT. CTA obtained with MSCT surpasses CTA obtained with SSCT. For perfusion
CT, the value added by MSCT is small. With regard to standard cranial CT, MSCT and
SSCT are considered equivalent. CTA and perfusion CT should be used in patients with
acute stroke if the indication for thrombolysis is entertained but diffusion and perfusion
weighted MRI cannot be carried out. This applies to both SSCT and MSCT. If advanced
MRI and advanced CT are available, MRI continues to be the preferred imaging modality.
Schlüsselwörter
Mehrschicht-CT - Zerebrale Ischämie - Penumbra - Zerebraler Blutfluss (CBF) - Zerebrales
Blutvolumen (CBV)
Key words
Multislice CT - cerebral ischemia - penumbra - cerebral blood flow (CBF) - cerebral
blood volume (CBV)
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Dr. K. Kirchhof
Kopfklinikum, Abteilung Neuroradiologie
Im Neuenheimer Feld 400
69120 Heidelberg
Telefon: + 49-6221-567566
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