Ultrasound of the Stomach - The EUROSON Lecture 2006

Zusammenfassung

Der Magen ist ein faszinierendes Organ. Er vermag sein Volumen erheblich zu vergrößern, um Essen aufzunehmen und nach einer Mahlzeit zu beherbergen, ohne dass diese Erweiterung normalerweise bewusst empfunden wird. Diese Arbeit möchte aufzeigen, wie der transabdominale Ultraschall die strukturellen und funktionellen Abnormitäten des Magens zu offenbaren vermag. Die Magensonografie wurde ursprünglich durchgeführt, um Krankheiten der Magenwand aufzudecken und zu untersuchen. In der Folgezeit wurden verschiedene Methoden entwickelt, um funktionelle Aspekte der Magenpathologie zu untersuchen. Mit Ultraschall kann man Antrumkontraktilität, Magenentleerung, transpylorischen Fluss, Magenform, Verteilung der Mahlzeiten im Mageninneren, Verhalten der Magenmuskulatur sowie das Dehnungsverhalten der Magenwand beurteilen. Für die Untersuchung von Magenkrankheiten kommen auch hochentwickelte Techniken für die 3D-Sonografie und Gewebe-Doppler-Untersuchungen (Strain Rate Imaging) zur Anwendung. Der „Ultrasound-Meal-Accomodation”-Test (U-MAT) kann benutzt werden, um Patienten mit organischer und nicht-organischer Dyspepsie zu charakterisieren. Die Sonografie beinhaltet noch ein großes Potenzial als klinische Methode, und vielleicht erhalten unsere Patienten eines Tages Diagnose und Therapie in der gleichen Sitzung.

Abstract

The stomach is a fascinating organ. It has the capacity to expand its volume substantially to receive and accommodate food after a meal, normally without any conscious notice of the expansion. The aim of this paper is to show how transabdominal ultrasonography can disclose the structural and functional abnormalities of the stomach. Ultrasound of the stomach was initially performed to detect and investigate organic diseases of the gastric wall. Subsequently, different methods were developed to study functional aspects of gastric pathology. Ultrasound can be used to evaluate antral contractility, gastric emptying, transpyloric flow, gastric configuration, intragastric distribution of meals, gastric accommodation and strain measurement of the gastric wall. Advanced methods for 3D ultrasound imaging and tissue Doppler (Strain Rate Imaging) have also been developed to study diseases of the stomach.The Ultrasound Meal Accommodation Test (U-MAT) can be applied to characterise patients with organic and non-organic dyspepsia. Ultrasonography still has a great potential as a clinical method, and some day our patients may receive both diagnosis and treatment in the same session.

Key words

abdomen - stomach - 3-D ultrasound - ultrasound 2D - ultrasound-Doppler

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