A review of local antibiotic implants and applications to veterinary orthopaedic surgery

G. Hayes; N. Moens; T. Gibson

doi:10.3415/VCOT-12-05-0065

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Table of Contents

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2013; 26(04): 251-259
DOI: 10.3415/VCOT-12-05-0065

Review Article

Schattauer GmbH

A review of local antibiotic implants and applications to veterinary orthopaedic surgery

Authors

G. Hayes

¹University of Guelph, Department of Clinical Studies, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
N. Moens

¹University of Guelph, Department of Clinical Studies, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
T. Gibson

¹University of Guelph, Department of Clinical Studies, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

Abstract

Summary

In the face of increasing incidence of multidrug resistant implant infections, local antibiotic modalities are receiving increased attention for both infection prophylaxis and treatment. Local antibiotic therapy that achieves very high antibiotic drug concentrations at the site of the implant may represent an avenue for treatment of biofilmforming bacterial pathogens. Randomized controlled trials in human patients have demonstrated an infection risk reduction when antibiotic-impregnated cement is used for infection prophylaxis in implanted joint prostheses, and when a gentamicin-impregnated collagen sponge is used for infection prophylaxis in midline sternotomy. The other modalities discussed have for the most part yet to be evaluated in randomized controlled trials in veterinary or human patients. In general, the in vivo pharmacokinetics and appropriate dosing profiles for local antibiotic modalities have yet to be elucidated. Toxicity is possible, and attention to the dose applied is warranted.

Keywords

Antibiotics - implant - infection - local antibiotic delivery

Full Text

References

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