DOI: 10.1055/b-002-51003
Bumann, Alex; Lotzmann, Ulrich: 2002

TMJ Disorders and Orofacial Pain

The Role of Dentistry in a Multidisciplinary Diagnostic Approach Print ISBN 9781588901118 · Online ISBN 9783131605610
More Information

Book

Editors: Bumann, Alex; Lotzmann, Ulrich

Authors: Rateitschak, Klaus H.; Wolf, Herbert F.; Jacobi, Richard; Mah, James

Title: TMJ Disorders and Orofacial Pain

Subtitle: The Role of Dentistry in a Multidisciplinary Diagnostic Approach

Print ISBN: 9781588901118; Online ISBN: 9783131605610; Book DOI: 10.1055/b-002-51003

2002 © 2002 Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Georg Thieme Verlag KG, Stuttgart

Subjects: Dentistry

Thieme Clinical Collections (English Language)



Front Matter
Introduction
Introduction
The Masticatory System as a Biological System
Progressive/Regressive Adaptation and Compensation/Decompensation
Functional Diagnostic Examination Procedures...
...and their Therapeutic Consequences
The Role of Dentistry in Craniofacial Pain
Primary Dental Evaluation
Introduction
Findings in the Teeth and Mucous Membrane
Overview of Dental Examination Techniques
Anatomy of the Masticatory System
Introduction
Embryology of the Temporomandibular Joint and the Muscles of Mastication
Development of the Upper and Lower Joint Spaces
Glenoid Fossa and Articular Protuberance
Mandibular Condyle
Positional Relationships of the Bony Structures
Articular Disk
Anatomical Disk Position
Bilaminar Zone
Joint Capsule
Ligaments of the Masticatory System
Arterial Supply and Sensory Innervation of the Temporomandibular Joint
Sympathetic Innervation of the Temporomandibular Joint
Muscles of Mastication
Temporal Muscle
Masseter Muscle
Medial Pterygoid Muscle
Suprahyoid Musculature
Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
Gross Anatomical and Histological Studies of the Masticatory Muscle Insertions
Force Vectors of the Muscles of Mastication
Tongue Musculature
Muscles of Expression
Temporomandibular Joint and the Musculoskeletal System
Peripheral and Central Control of Muscle Tonus
Physiology of the Jaw-Opening Movement
Physiology of the Jaw-Closing Movement
Physiology of Movements in the Horizontal Plane
The Teeth and Periodontal Receptors
Condylar Positions
Static Occlusion
Dynamic Occlusion
Manual Functional Analysis
Introduction
The Masticatory System as a Biological System
Specific and Nonspecific Loading Vectors
Examination Form for Manual Functional Analysis
Patient History
Positioning the Patient
Manual Fixation of the Head
Active Movements and Passive Jaw Opening with Evaluation of the Endfeel
Differential Diagnosis of Restricted Movement
Examination of the Joint Surfaces
Manifestations of Joint Surface Changes
Conducting the Clinical Joint Surface Tests
Examination of the Joint Capsule and Ligaments
Clinical Significance of Compressions in the Superior Direction
Examination of the Muscles of Mastication
Palpation of the Muscles of Mastication with Painful Isometric Contractions
Areas of Pain Referred from the Muscles of Mastication
Length of the Suprahyoid Structures
Investigation of Clicking Sounds
Active Movements and Dynamic Compression
Manual Translations
Dynamic Compression during Retrusive Movement
Differentiation among the Groups
Differentiation within Group 1
Differentiation within Group 2
Differentiation among Unstable, Indifferent, and Stable Repositioning
Differentiation within Group 3
Differentiation within Group 4
Unified Diagnostic Concept and...
...Treatment Plan for Anterior Disk Displacement
Tissue-Specific Diagnosis
Investigation of the Etiological Factors (Stressors)
Neuromuscular Deprogramming
Mandibular and Condytar Positions
Static Occlusion
Dynamic Occlusion
Bruxism Vector or Parafunction Vector
Dysfunctional Movements
Influence of Orthopedic Disorders on the Masticatory System
Supplemental Diagnostic Procedures
Musculoskeletal Impediments in the Direction of Treatment
Manual Functional Analysis for Patients with no History of Symptoms
Imaging Procedures
Introduction
Panoramic Radiographs
Portraying the Temporomandibular Joint with Panoramic Radiograph Machines
Asymmetry Index
Distortion Phenomena
Eccentric Transcranial Radiograph (Schüller Projection)
Axial Cranial Radiograph According to Hirtz and Conventional Tomography
Posterior-Anterior Cranial Radiograph according to Clementschitsch
Lateral Transcranial Radiograph
Computed Tomography of the Temporomandibular Joint
Computed Tomography of the Temporomandibular Joint and its Anatomical Correlation
Three Dimensional Images of the Temporomandibular Joint...
...with the Aid of Computed Tomography Data
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction for Hypoplastic Syndromes
Three-Dimensional Models of Polyurethane Foam and Synthetic Resin
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
T1 - and T2-Weighting
Selecting the Slice Orientation
Practical Application of MRI Sections
Reproduction of Anatomical Detail in MRI
Visual (Qualitative) Evaluation of an MR Image
Classification of the Stages of Bony Changes
Disk Position in the Sagittal Plane
Disk Position in the Frontal Plane
Misinterpretation of the Disk Position in the Sagittal Plane
Morphology of the Pars Posterior
Progressive Adaptation of the Bilaminar Zone
Progressive Adaptation in T1 - and T2-Weighted MRIs
Disk Adhesions in MRI
Disk Hypermobility
Partial Disk Displacement
Total Disk Displacement
Types of Disk Repositioning
Disk Displacement without Repositioning
Partial Disk Displacement with Total Repositioning
Partial Disk Displacement with Partial Repositioning
Total Disk Displacement with Total Repositioning
Total Disk Displacement with Partial Repositioning
Condylar Hypermobility
Posterior Disk Displacement
Disk Displacement during Excursive Movements
Regressive Adaptation of Bony Joint Structures
Progressive Adaptation of Bony Joint Structures
Evaluation of Adaptive Changes: MRI Versus CT
Avascular Necrosis Versus Osteoarthrosis
Metric (Quantitative) MRI Analysis
Examples of Bumann's MRI Analysis
MRI for Orthodontic Questions
Three-Dimensional Imaging with MRI Data
Dynamic MRI
MR Microscopy and MR Spectroscopy
Indications for Imaging Procedures as Part of Functional Diagnostics
Prospects for the Future of Imaging Procedures
Mounting of Casts and Occlusal Analysis
Introduction
Making of Impressions and Stone Casts
Fabrication of Segmented Casts
Registration of Centric Relation
Techniques for Recording the Centric Condylar Position
Transcutaneous Nerve Stimulation for Muscle Relaxation—“Myocentric”
Interocclusal Registration Materials
Centric Registration for Intact Dentitions
Occlusal Splints used as Record Bases
Centric Registration for Posteriorly Shortened Dental Arches
Jaw Relation Determination for Edentulous Patients
Mounting the Casts in the Correct Relationship to the Cranium and Temporomandibular Joints
Attaching the Anatomical Transfer Bow
Mounting the Maxillary Cast using the Anatomical Transfer Bow
Mounting the Maxillary Cast using a Transfer Stand
Mounting the Maxillary Cast following Axiography
Mounting the Mandibular Cast
Axiosplit System
Split-Cast Control of the Cast Mounting
Check-Bite for Setting the Articulator Joints
Effect of Hinge Axis Position and Thickness of the Occlusal Record on the Occlusion
Occlusal Analysis on the Casts
Occlusal Analysis Using Sectioned Casts
Diagnostic Occlusal Reshaping of the Occlusion on the Casts
Diagnostic Tooth Setup
Diagnostic Waxup
Condylar Position Analysis using Mounted Casts
Instrumented Analysis of Jaw Movements
Introduction
Mechanical Registration of the Hinge Axis Movements (Axiography)
Evaluating the Axiograms and Programming the Articulator
Hinge Axis Tracings (Axiograms) as Projection Phenomena
Effect of an Incorrectly Located Hinge Axis on the Axiograms
Electronic Paraocclusal Axiograpy
Diagnoses and Classifications
Introduction
Classification of Primary Joint Diseases
Classification of Secondary Joint Diseases
Hyperplasia, Hypoplasia, and Aplasia of the Condylar Process
Hyperplasia of the Coronoid Process
Congenital Malformations and Syndromes
Acute Arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Juvenile Chronic Arthritis
Free Bodies within the Joints
Styloid or Eagle Syndrome
Fractures of the Neck and Head of the Condyle
Disk Displacement with Condylar Neck Fractures
Fibrosis and Bony Ankylosis
Tumors in the Temporomandibular Joint Region
Joint Disorders—Articular Surfaces (International Classification of Diseases, 9th Rev.)
Joint Disorders—Articular Disk
Joint Disorders-Bilaminar Zone and joint Capsule
Joint Disorders—Ligaments
Muscle Disorders
Principles of Treatment
Introduction
Specific or Nonspecific Treatment?
Nonspecific Treatment
Elimination of Musculoskeletal Impediments
Occlusal Splints
Splint Adjustment for Vertical Disocclusion and Posterior Protection
Relationship between Joint Surface Loading and the Occlusal Scheme
Relaxation Splint
Stabilization Splint
Decompression Splint
Repositioning Splint
Verticalization Splint
Definitive Modification of the Dynamic Occlusion
Definitive Alteration of the Static Occlusion
Examination Methods and Their Therapeutic Relevance
Annex