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Int J Sports Med 2018; 39(09): 704-711
DOI: 10.1055/a-0631-3441
Genetics & Molecular Biology
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Training Performed Above Lactate Threshold Decreases p53 and Shelterin Expression in Mice

Verusca Najara de Carvalho Cunha   *
1   Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília – Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
,
Thiago dos Santos Rosa   *
1   Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília – Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
,
Marcelo Magalhães Sales
1   Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília – Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
,
Caio Victor Sousa
3   Graduate Program in Genomic Science and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília – Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
,
Samuel da Silva Aguiar
3   Graduate Program in Genomic Science and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília – Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
,
Lysleine Alves Deus
3   Graduate Program in Genomic Science and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília – Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
,
Herbert Gustavo Simoes
1   Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília – Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
,
Rosangela Vieira de Andrade
3   Graduate Program in Genomic Science and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília – Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History



accepted 16 April 2018

Publication Date:
26 June 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Telomere shortening is associated to sarcopenia leading to functional impairment during aging. There are mechanisms associated with telomere attrition, as well to its protection and repair. Physical training is a factor that attenuates telomere shortening, but little is known about the effects of different exercise intensities on telomere biology. Thus, we evaluated the effects of exercise intensity (moderate vs. high-intensity domain) on gene expression of senescence markers Checkpoint kinase 2 and tumor suppressor (Chk2 and p53, respectively), shelterin telomere repeat binding 1 and 2 (Trf1/Trf2), DNA repair (Xrcc5), telomerase reverse transcriptase (mTERT) and telomere length in middle aged mice. Three groups were studied: a control group (CTL) and two groups submitted to swimming at intensities below the lactate threshold (LI group) and above the lactate threshold (HI group) for 40 and 20 min respectively, for 12 weeks. After training, the HI group showed reduction in p53 expression in the muscle, and decreased shelterin complex expression when compared to LI group. No differences were observed between groups for mTERT expression and telomere length. Thus, exercise training in high-intensity domain was more effective on reducing markers of senescence and apoptosis. The higher intensity exercise training also diminished shelterin expression, with no differences in telomere length and mTERT expression. Such results possibly indicate a more effective DNA protection for the higher-intensity exercise training.

Key words

Telomere - aging - muscle mass - chronic exercise - apoptosis - swimming

* These authors contributed equally to this work.


 

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