WHO-Klassifikation der Hirntumoren 2016: radiologisch relevante Neuerungen

Derek R. Johnson; Julie B. Guerin; Caterina Giannini; Jonathan M. Morris; Lawrence J. Eckel; Timothy J. Kaufmann

doi:10.1055/a-0638-3400

Neuroradiologie Scan, Table of Contents

Neuroradiologie Scan 2018; 08(04): 319-339
DOI: 10.1055/a-0638-3400

CME-Fortbildung

WHO-Klassifikation der Hirntumoren 2016: radiologisch relevante Neuerungen

2016 updates to the WHO brain tumor classification system: what the radiologist needs to know

Authors

Derek R. Johnson
Julie B. Guerin
Caterina Giannini
Jonathan M. Morris
Lawrence J. Eckel
Timothy J. Kaufmann

Subject Editor: Wissenschaftlich verantwortlich gemäß Zertifizierungsbestimmungen für diesen Beitrag ist Professor Dr. med. Michael Forsting, Universitätsklinikum Essen

Abstract

Radiologists play a key role in brain tumor diagnosis and management and must stay abreast of developments in the field to advance patient care and communicate with other health care providers. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) released an update to its brain tumor classification system that included numerous significant changes. Several previously recognized brain tumor diagnoses, such as oligoastrocytoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, and gliomatosis cerebri, were redefined or eliminated altogether. Conversely, multiple new entities were recognized, including diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor and multinodular and vacuolating tumor of the cerebrum. The glioma category has been significantly reorganized, with several infiltrating gliomas in children and adults now defined by genetic features for the first time. These changes were driven by increased understanding of important genetic factors that directly impact tumorigenesis and influence patient care. The increased emphasis on genetic factors in brain tumor diagnosis has important implications for radiology, as we now have tools that allow us to evaluate some of these alterations directly, such as the identification of 2-hydroxyglutarate within infiltrating gliomas harboring mutations in the genes for the isocitrate dehydrogenases. For other tumors, such as medulloblastoma, imaging can demonstrate characteristic patterns that correlate with particular disease subtypes. The purpose of this article is to review the changes to the WHO brain tumor classification system that are most pertinent to radiologists.

Im Jahr 2016 hat die WHO ihr primäres Klassifikationsschema für Hirntumoren revidiert und dabei erstmals genetische Informationen in das Schema aufgenommen. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die wichtigsten Änderungen des Klassifikationssystems. Dabei wird besonders auf diejenigen Änderungen eingegangen, die für Radiologen die größte Relevanz besitzen.

Schlüsselwörter

WHO-Klassifikation 2016 - Hirntumoren - Genetik - Bildgebung

Keywords

WHO classification system 2016 - brain tumors - genetic features - radiology

Full Text

References

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