Mesenchymale Stammzellen: Tumorfördernde oder -hemmende Eigenschaften – Ein aktueller Überblick

Agmal Scherzad; Johannes Taeger; Thomas Eckhard Gehrke; Rudolf Hagen; Norbert Kleinsasser; Stephan Hackenberg

doi:10.1055/a-0650-4673

Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie, Table of Contents

Laryngorhinootologie 2018; 97(10): 678-687
DOI: 10.1055/a-0650-4673

Übersicht

Mesenchymale Stammzellen: Tumorfördernde oder -hemmende Eigenschaften – Ein aktueller Überblick

Mesenchymal stem cells: Cancer promoting effects or tumor suppression – A current overview

Agmal Scherzad

Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen

,

Johannes Taeger

Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen

,

Thomas Eckhard Gehrke

Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen

,

Rudolf Hagen

Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen

,

Norbert Kleinsasser

Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen

,

Stephan Hackenberg

Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Zusammenfassung

Eine multimodale Tumortherapie richtet sich nicht nur gegen die Tumorzellen, sondern beeinflusst auch das tumorumgebende Stroma. Das Tumorstroma beherbergt verschiedene nicht-maligne Zellen, unter anderem Fibroblasten, Immunzellen, aber auch mesenchymalen Stammzellen (MSC). MSC haben die Fähigkeit der Migration in Richtung Tumorgewebe. Welche Einflüsse MSC auf Tumorzellen ausüben wird in der gängigen Literatur kontrovers diskutiert. Die meisten Publikationen berichten von tumorfördernden Eigenschaften der MSC, welche über vier Hauptmechanismen ermöglicht werden: Die Sekretion löslicher Mediatoren verbunden mit Zell-Zell-Kontakten, die Transdifferenzierung der MSC in tumorassoziierte Fibroblasten, die Verbesserung der Neoangiogenese und zuletzt die Einleitung einer Immunsuppression durch MSC. In dieser Übersicht wird über den aktuellen Stand der Literatur referiert.

Abstract

The multimodal treatment of cancer deals with cancer cells as well as with the cancer surrounding stroma. This stroma contains non-malignant cells like fibroblasts, immune cells as well as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). MSC have the ability to migrate towards cancer tissue. In the current literature the impact of MSC on cancer cells is discussed divergently. The majority of the current publications reveal an induction of cancer progression by MSC. Four main processes namely the secretion of soluble factors and cell-cell contact, the transdifferentiation of MSC into carcinoma associated fibroblasts, the improvement of neoangiogenesis and the induction of immune suppression are responsible for cancer progression. This publication gives an overview on the current literature.

Schlüsselwörter

Mesenchymale Stammzellen - lösliche Mediatoren - Immunsuppression - Neoangiogenese - Tumorstroma

Key words

mesenchymal stem cells - soluble mediators - immune suppression - neoangiogenesis - cancer stroma

Full Text

References

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