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Horm Metab Res 2019; 51(09): 595-601
DOI: 10.1055/a-0955-6563
Endocrine Care
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Urine Haptoglobin/Creatinine Ratio Correlates with Tubular Injury Biomarkers and Severity of Albuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Yangyang Wang
1   Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
,
Qianying Zhou
1   Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
,
Lijun Zhang
1   Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
,
Yali Dai
1   Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
,
Zhijun Huang
2   Center of Clinical Pharmacology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
,
Hao Zhang
1   Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
,
Bin Yi
1   Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 17 January 2019

accepted 06 June 2019

Publication Date:
10 September 2019 (online)

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Abstract

This aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between urine haptoglobin/creatinine ratio(UHCR) and tubular injury biomarkers or severity of albuminuria in type 2 diabetes. Recruited T2DM patients (n=120) were divided into three groups based on urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR): normal albuminuria (Normo group, UACR<30 mg/g, n=40), microalbuminuria (Micro group, 30 mg/g ≤UACR<300 mg/g, n=38), and macroalbuminuria (Macro group, UACR ≥300 mg/g, n=42), with matched healthy individuals (NC group, n=30) as controls. ELISA assay was used to detect the levels of urine haptoglobin, NGAL and KIM-1. Automated biochemical analyzer was applied to detect the concentrations of urine creatinine and retinol binding protein (RBP). To eliminate concentration errors, urine NGAL, KIM-1, and RBP were normalized by creatinine and expressed as UHCR, UNCR, UKCR, and URCR, respectively. We found UHCR was significantly increased in T2DM patients as compared with NC group. Among the three diabetic groups, the Macro group had the highest level of UHCR, whereas the Normo group had the lowest level. T2DM patients with higher UHCR levels also had higher levels of UNCR, UKCR, and URCR. Spearman’s correlation analysis indicated that UHCR was positively correlated with UACR, UNCR, UKCR, or URCR levels, and negatively correlated with eGFR. ROC curve analysis showed that UHCR was a sensitive and specific indicator for early diagnosis of DN. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that UHCR and UNCR were independent variables for UACR. Our research demonstrated that UHCR correlates with tubular injury biomarkers, including UNCR, UKCR, and URCR, and is independently associated with the severity of albuminuria in T2DM.

Key words

urine haptoglobin - type 2 diabetic nephropathy - tubular injury biomarkers - albuminuria
 

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