AbstrAct
Objective The quality report of the disease management programmes of North Rhine Westphalia
2016 showed prevalences for long-term complications (neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy)
of less than 30% for people with diabetes type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2). The aim of
this study was to assess risk expectations and fear regarding long-term complications
of diabetes in people with DM1 and DM2.
Methods We assessed risk expectations and fear regarding diabetes complications in people
with DM1 (n=110) and DM2 (n=143 without insulin, n=249 with insulin) visiting an University
outpatient department of metabolic diseases. Fear of long-term complications was measured
with the “Fear of Complications Questionnaire (FCQ)” (range 0–45 points, scores ≥30
suggest elevated fear). Participants were asked to estimate general and personal risks
of long-term complications 10 years after developing diabetes in %.
Results Elevated fear of complications (FCQ scores ≥30) was observed in 34.5, 25.9, and 43.0%
of those with DM1, DM2 without insulin and DM2 with insulin, respectively. Participants
estimated a mean general risk of diabetes-related complications after 10 years amounting
to 45.9±15.8% (DM1), 49.7±15.4% (DM2 without insulin), and 52.5±16.4% (DM2 with insulin)
and personal risk with 52.5±24.4% (DM1), 45.8±22.7% (DM2 without insulin), and 54.1±23.4%
(DM2 with insulin), respectively. Higher risk expectations were associated with higher
fear of complications (p<0.001).
Conclusion Risk estimations regarding long-term complications were exaggerated in people with
DM1 and DM2. About one third of the participants reported elevated fear of complications.
Participants’ risk expectations and fear regarding diabetes complications appear excessive
compared to population-based prevalence rates.
Key words
diabetes-related complications - fear of complications - health risk estimation -
prognosis - diabetes-specific worries - diabetes distress
