Abstract
Proximal femoral osteotomies are common surgical interventions to treat hip deformities
in pediatric orthopedics. The aim of proximal femoral osteotomies is to optimise hip
containment by using varus or valgus osteotomy, flexion or extension osteotomy with
shortening, lengthening or derotation of the femoral neck. Furthermore improved muscular
dysbalance by enhancing the femoral offset, extension of the range of motion and pain
reduction are important surgical intentions. In the long term, a proximal femoral
osteotomy is meant to minimize the probability of an early osteoarthritis of the hip.
In the current literature many different types of proximal femoral osteotomies are
described. They can be divided concerning their anatomical localization into subcapital,
base of the femoral neck, intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric osteotomies. A profound
knowledge about the deformity and the anatomical situation is essential to choose
the appropriate osteotomy. The aim of this
review is to show the different ways of proximal femoral osteotomies and their
indications after having done a selective literature research. Furthermore over the
last years the osteosynthesis materials have changed from blade plates (non-locking)
to locking compression plates which allow an early re-mobilization without hip spica
casts.
Key words
proximal femoral osteotomy - hip deformities - pediatric orthopedics - adolescence
