Exploration of the Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): a Review

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and metabolic syndrome (MS) with a complex etiology, and its pathogenesis is not yet clear. In recent years, the correlation between gut microbiota (GM) and metabolic disease has become a hot topic in research, leading to a number of new ideas about the etiology and pathological mechanisms of PCOS. The literature shows that GM can cause insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, chronic inflammation and metabolic syndrome (obesity, diabetes) and may contribute to the development of PCOS by influencing energy absorption, the pathways of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), lipopolysaccharides, choline and bile acids, intestinal permeability and the brain–gut axis. As part of the treatment of PCOS, fecal microbiota transplantation, supplementation with prebiotics and traditional Chinese medicine can be used to regulate GM and treat disorders. This article reviews possible mechanisms and treatment options for PCOS, based on methods which target the GM, and offers new ideas for the treatment of PCOS.

Zusammenfassung

Das polyzystische Ovarsyndrom (PCOS) ist ein endokrines und metabolisches Syndrom (MS) mit einer komplexen Ätiologie. Die Pathogenese von PCOS ist noch immer ungeklärt. In den letzten Jahren hat sich die Forschung verstärkt auf die Interaktion zwischen intestinaler Mikrobiota und Stoffwechselerkrankungen konzentriert, was zu einigen neuen Ideen über die Ätiologie und die pathologischen Mechanismen von PCOS führte. In der Literatur wird berichtet, dass die intestinale Mikroflora Insulinresistenz, Hyperandrogenämie, chronische Entzündungen und metabolisches Syndrom (Adipositas, Diabetes) verursachen kann und durch ihre Auswirkungen auf Energieaufnahme, kurzkettige Fettsäuren, Lipopolysaccharide, Cholin und Gallensäuren, die Permeabilität der Darmschleimhaut sowie die Darm-Hirn-Achse möglicherweise zur Entwicklung von PCOS beitragen kann. Für die Behandlung von PCOS können fäkale Mikrobiomtransfers, eine Supplementierung mit Präbiotika und traditionelle chinesische Medizin zur Regulierung der Darmflora und Behandlung von Störungen eingesetzt werden. Dieser Artikel gibt eine Überblicksdarstellung möglicher Mechanismen und Behandlungsoptionen für PCOS, basierend auf Methoden, die auf eine Änderung der intestinalen Mikrobiota abzielen, und bietet neue Ideen für die Behandlung von PCOS.

Key words

polycystic ovary syndrome - gut microbiota - metabolic syndrome - treatment

Schlüsselwörter

polyzystisches Ovarsyndrom - intestinale Mikrobiota - metabolisches Syndrom - Behandlung

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