Associations Between Migration Background and Media and Information Behavior in Primary School Children

Abstract

Background Children with migration background and from low socio-economic status are at higher risk for overweight. To determine appropriate media channels to possibly reach children with targeted health information, it has to be considered that the media and information behavior of children has changed during the last decades.

Objective We examined the media and information behavior of children in low socio-economic districts, focusing on those with migration background.

Methods Fourteen 3^rd grade classes (n=250 children, 68.0% with migration background) completed a questionnaire regarding their media consumption, which was based on existing validated surveys.

Results ≥ 50% of the children watched TV and around 40% used both mobile phones and computers/tablets/internet for ≥1 h/day. Books were the most popular analogue media (61.6% of children), whereas magazines/newspapers and radio (18.4 and 16.0% of children, respectively) were used less frequently. Furthermore, they regularly used internet, TV and their teachers (63.0, 48.8 and 44.8% of children, respectively) as information source. Especially children with compared to those without migration background less likely used the radio (P=0.0002) and their family as information source (P=0.0017).

Conclusions Children attending 3^rd grade class, especially with migration background, can be addressed through digital media rather than the radio. This may help to sustainably support children outside school with targeted health information.

Key words

media - information behavior - children - prevention - migration background

• References

• 1 Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic Report of a WHO consultation. World Health Organization technical report series 2000; 894: 1-253
• 2 Guh DP, Zhang W, Bansback N. et al. The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2009; 9: 88
• 3 Schienkiewitz A, Brettschneider AK, Damerow S. et al. Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Germany. Results of the cross-sectional KiGGS Wave 2 study and trends. Journal of Health Monitoring 2018; 3: 16-23
• 4 Lampert T, Hoebel J, Kuntz B. et al. Socioeconomic status and subjective social status measurement in KiGGS Wave 2. Journal of Health Monitoring 2018; 3: 108-125
• 5 Puder JJ, Marques-Vidal P, Schindler C. et al. Effect of multidimensional lifestyle intervention on fitness and adiposity in predominantly migrant preschool children (Ballabeina): Cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2011; 343: d6195
• 6 Brown EC, Buchan DS, Baker JS. et al. A systematised Review of primary school whole class child obesity interventions: Effectiveness, characteristics, and strategies. Biomed Res Int 2016; 2016: 4902714
• 7 Kelishadi R, Azizi-Soleiman F. Controlling childhood obesity: A systematic review on strategies and challenges. J Res Med Sci 2014; 19: 993-1008
• 8 Weber KS, Spörkel O, Mertens M. et al. Positive Effects of Promoting Physical Activity and Balanced Diets in a Primary School Setting with a High Proportion of Migrant School Children. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2017; 125: 554-562
• 9 Weber KS, Eitner J, Dauben L. et al. Positive Effects of Practical Nutrition Lessons in a Primary School Setting with a High Proportion of Migrant School Children. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2020 128. 111-118
• 10 Ketelhut SR, Ketelhut S, Riedel S. et al. Auswirkung einer moderaten Intervallbelastung auf die Herzfrequenzvariabilität bei Grundschulkindern. Dtsch Z Sportmed 2017; 68: 269-274
• 11 Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest (mpfs). KIM-Studie 2018 Kindheit, Internet, Medien. Basisuntersuchung zum Medienumgang 6- bis 13-Jähriger in Deutschland. Stuttgart. 2019
• 12 Rideout VJ, Foehr UG, Roberts DF. Generation M² - Media in the Lives of 8- to 18-Years-Olds. A Kaiser Family Foundation Study. Menlo Park. 2010
• 13 Kaiser-Jovy S, Scheu A, Greier K. Media use, sports activities, and motor fitness in childhood and adolescence. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2017; 129: 464-471
• 14 Lampert T, Sygusch R, Schlack R. Nutzung elektronischer Medien im Jugendalter. Ergebnisse des Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurveys (KiGGS). Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2007; 50: 643-652
• 15 Manz K, Schlack R, Poethko-Müller C. et al. Körperlich-sportliche Aktivität und Nutzung elektronischer Medien im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Bundesgesundheitsbl 2014; 57: 840-848
• 16 Pearson N, Biddle SJH. Sedentary Behavior and Dietary Intake in Children, Adolescents, and Adults – A Systematic Review. Am J Prev Med 2011; 41: 178-188
• 17 Kosinska E. Erstellung einer Kinderkochbroschüre im Rahmen des Projektes „SMS. Sei schlau. Mach mit. Sei fit.“. Semesterprojekt II. Hochschule Niederrhein. Fachbereich Oecotrophologie. Mönchengladbach. 2016
• 18 Stemper T, Bachmann C, Diehlmann K. et al. ReCHECK! CHECK! Testmanual 2017 – Kurzfassung. [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2020 Jan 06]
• 19 Staatskanzlei des Saarlandes. Fragebogen zur Mediennutzung. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.saarland.de/dokumente/thema_bildung/Fragebogen_Mediennutzung.pdf
• 20 infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH & Deutsches Jugendinstitut Wie wachsen Kinder auf?. Mündlicher Fragebogen für die 9- bis 10-jährigen Kinder. 2. Welle. Bonn. 2004
• 21 Senatsverwaltung für Bildung, Jugend und Wissenschaft Fragebogen zur Selbsteinschätzung in der Grundschule. Berlin. 2010
• 22 Deutsches Jugendinstitut Wie wachsen Kinder auf? – Digitale Kompetenz im Kindesalter. Mündlicher Fragebogen für Kinder. München: 2007
• 23 Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest. KIM-Studie 2012 Kinder + Medien. Computer + Internet. Basisuntersuchung zum Medienumgang 6- bis 13-Jähriger in Deutschland. Stuttgart. 2013
• 24 Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest. KIM-Studie 2010 Kinder + Medien. Computer + Internet. Basisuntersuchung zum Medienumgang 6- bis 13-Jähriger in Deutschland. Stuttgart. 2011
• 25 Egmont Ehapa Media GmbH Kids Verbraucher Analyse 2015: Die Markt-Media-Studie für junge Zielgruppen. Berlin. 2015
• 26 Trebbe J, Heft A, Weiß HJ. Mediennutzung junger Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund. Düsseldorf. 2010
• 27 Grosch M, Gidion G. Mediennutzungsgewohnheiten im Wandel. Ergebnisse einer Befragung zur studiumsbezogenen Mediennutzung. Karlsruhe. 2011
• 28 Likert R. A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Arch Psychol 1932; 22: 1-55
• 29 Education Group GmbH. Medienverhalten bei Kindern – Zielgruppe Kinder. 2016, Retrieved from https://www.edugroup.at/fileadmin/DAM/Innovation/Forschung/Dateien/Charts_Kinder_2016.pdf
• 30 Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest (mpfs). KIM-Studie 2016 Kindheit, Internet, Medien. Basisuntersuchung zum Medienumgang 6- bis 13-Jähriger in Deutschland. Stuttgart. 2017
• 31 Feil C, Gieger C, Grobbin A. Schlussbericht: Informationsverhalten von Kindern im Internet – eine empirische Studie zur Nutzung von Suchmaschinen. Deutsches Jugendinstitut, München. 2013
• 32 Müthing K, Razakowski J, Gottschling M. LBS-Kinderbarometer Deutschland 2018. Stimmungen, Trends und Meinungen von Kindern aus Deutschland. Dortmund. 2018
• 33 Sisson SB, Church TS, Martin CK. et al. Profiles of sedentary behavior in children and adolescents: The US national health and nutrition examination survey, 2001-2006. Int J Pediatr Obes 2009; 4: 353-359
• 34 Espinosa-Fernández L, Miró E, MóCarmen Cano. et al. Age-related changes and gender differences in time estimation. Acta Psychol 2003; 112: 221-232