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DOI: 10.1055/a-1130-4462
Quantitative MR-Bildgebung zur Charakterisierung der Skelettmuskulatur
Quantitative MR imaging to characterize the skeletal muscles![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/10.1055-s-00034914/202002/lookinside/thumbnails/10.1055a-1130-4462-1.jpg)
Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über Magnetresonanztomographie-basierte (MRT-basierte) Methoden zur Quantifizierung der Muskeldegeneration. Neben Muskelvolumen kann mit Dixon-Bildgebung insbesondere der prozentuale Fettgehalt bestimmt werden. Daneben gibt es Ansätze, frühe Anzeichen einer Degeneration über die Verteilung des Entzündungsgrades oder der Natriumkonzentration in der Muskulatur zu visualisieren und quantifizieren. Bis auf die Natrium-Bildgebung werden diese Methoden bei Muskelerkrankungen routinemäßig zur Diagnose und Verlaufskontrolle eingesetzt.
Im Bereich der Osteologie und Gerontologie wird zwar die Bedeutung der Muskel-Knochen-Einheit unter anderem für Frakturprädiktion und Gebrechlichkeit im Alter immer wieder betont, Degeneration der Muskulatur wird aber im Wesentlichen über extrinsische Parameter wie Muskelkraft und -funktion erfasst. Häufig benutzte intrinsische Parameter wie DXA Lean Mass oder Muskelvolumen, bestimmt mit CT oder MRT, korrelieren nur mäßig mit extrinsischen Parametern. Eine genauere Charakterisierung von Muskelqualität sollte dieses Manko aber beseitigen. Mit CT und MRT stehen entsprechende Methoden zur Verfügung, die jetzt aber in Studien zur altersassoziierten Muskeldegeneration, in Interventionsstudien und in Studien zur Frakturrisikoprognostik auch eingesetzt werden müssen.
Abstract
This article provides an overview of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based methods for the quantification of muscle degeneration. In addition to muscle volume, Dixon imaging can be used to determine the percentage of fat. In addition, there are approaches to visualize and quantify early signs of degeneration via the distribution of the degree of inflammation or the sodium concentration of the muscle. Except for sodium imaging, these methods are routinely used for diagnosis and follow-up in muscle diseases.
In osteology and gerontology, the importance of the muscle-bone unit for fracture prediction and frailty in old age is routinely emphasized, but degeneration of the muscles is mainly recorded via extrinsic parameters such as muscle strength and function. Frequently used intrinsic parameters such as DXA lean mass or muscle volume determined with CT or MRI correlate only moderately with extrinsic parameters. However, a more precise characterization of muscle quality should remedy this shortcoming. Appropriate methods are available with CT and MRI, but these must now be used in studies on age-related muscle degeneration, in intervention studies and in studies on fracture risk assessment
Schlüsselwörter
Muskulatur - Adipöses Gewebe - Inflammation - Magnetresonanztomographie - Dixon - Muskel-Knochen-EinheitKey words
Muscle - adipose tissue - inflammation - magnetic resonant imaging - Dixon - bone muscle unitPublication History
Received: 27 February 2020
Accepted: 12 March 2020
Article published online:
02 June 2020
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Stuttgart · New York
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