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Nuklearmedizin 2020; 59(04): 308-315
DOI: 10.1055/a-1134-4374
Original Article

Time course and local distribution of skin exposure of hand and fingers from [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-NOC synthesis using a self-shielded module

Zeitlicher Verlauf und lokale Verteilung der Hand- und Fingerexposition bei der [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-NOC-Synthese mit einem selbstabschirmenden Modul
Oliver Stephan Grosser
1   Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Magdeburg and Medical Faculty of Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
,
Heiko Wissel
1   Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Magdeburg and Medical Faculty of Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
,
Maurice Klopfleisch
1   Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Magdeburg and Medical Faculty of Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
,
Dennis Kupitz
1   Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Magdeburg and Medical Faculty of Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
,
Nadine Paetzold
1   Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Magdeburg and Medical Faculty of Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
,
Maciej Pech
1   Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Magdeburg and Medical Faculty of Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
2   Second Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
,
Michael C. Kreissl
1   Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Magdeburg and Medical Faculty of Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Abstract

Aim The study examined the local dose distribution as well as the time course of skin exposure of hand and fingers from [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-NOC synthesis using a self-shielded synthesis module.

Methods A compact calibrated electronic dosimeter (ED) with a miniaturized probe was used for real-time measurements of skin dose equivalent Hp (0.07) (reference point: left and right index finger). A time resolved assessment of exposure during radiotracer production was performed. Additionally, thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD) were used to determine local dose distribution for five different positions (e. g. fingertips). Cumulated Hp (0.07) estimated by ED was analysed and correlated with the measurements obtained by a TLD positioned close to the ED.

Results The cumulative skin exposure from the production process measured by ED, was 74.7 ± 32.7 µSv/GBq and 40.1 ± 14.3 µSv/GBq for the right and left hand, respectively. The exposure recorded by the ED was in the average 19.4 % ± 40.0 % (median = 21.3 %) lower compared to the results from TLD. Highest exposure was recorded during synthesis (guided hand: 24.5 ± 12.2 µSv/GBq) and measuring of product yield including preparation of probes for quality control (guided hand: 36.1 ± 12.7 µSv/GBq). The highest local exposure was measured by a TLD close to the tip of the index finger of the guiding hand (range: 773–1257 µS/GBq).

Conclusion The chosen methodology using ED, proved to be a good concept for identifying procedure steps with an increased exposure level and to determine the time course of skin exposure and to identify procedure steps for further optimization of handling. Furthermore, miniaturized electronic dosimeters may be used for online surveillance of local exposure rates at hands and fingers.

ZusamMenfassung

Ziel Diese Studie untersucht die lokale Dosisverteilung sowie den zeitlichen Verlauf der Hautexposition der Hände und Finger bei der [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-NOC-Synthese mit einem selbstabschirmenden Synthesemodul.

Methodik Ein kompaktes kalibriertes elektronisches Dosimeter (ED) mit einer miniaturisierten Sonde wurde für die Echtzeitmessungen der Oberflächen-Personendosis Hp (0,07) genutzt (Referenzpunkt: linker und rechter Zeigefinger). Die zeitaufgelöste Erfassung der Exposition erfolgte während der Radiotracer-Produktion mit einem Synthesemodul. Außerdem wurden Thermolumineszenzdosimeter (TLD) zur Messung der lokalen Dosisverteilung an 5 verschiedenen Positionen genutzt (z. B. Fingerspitzen). Die mittels ED bestimmte kumulierte Hp (0,07) wurde bezüglich der Ergebnisse der benachbarten positionierten TLD analysiert.

Ergebnisse Die aus dem Herstellungsprozess akkumulierte Hautexposition betrug 74,7 ± 32,7 µSv/GBq bzw. 40,1 ± 14,3 µSv/GBq für die rechte sowie für die linke Hand. Die mit dem ED aufgezeichnete Exposition war im Durchschnitt 19,4 % ± 40,0 % (Median = 21,3 %) niedriger als die Ergebnisse der TLDs, die neben dem ED positioniert wurden. Die höchste Exposition resultierte aus der Synthese (führende Hand: 24,5 ± 12,2 µSv/GBq) und der Messung der Produktausbeute inklusive Vorbereitung der Proben für die Qualitätssicherung (führende Hand: 36,1 ± 12,7 µSv/GBq). Die höchste lokale Exposition wurde mittels TLD an der führenden Hand nahe der Zeigefingerspitze bestimmt (Spannweite: 773–1257 µS/GBq).

Zusammenfassung Die mit dem ED gewählte Methodik erwies sich als geeignet zur Identifizierung von Prozessschritten mit einem erhöhten Expositionsniveau sowie zur Erfassung des zeitlichen Verlaufs der Hautexposition, um somit Prozessschritte für die weitere Optimierung des Umgangs zu identifizieren. Außerdem bietet die Nutzung von miniaturisierten elektronischen Dosimetern die Möglichkeit zur Online-Überwachung der lokalen Expositionsraten an Händen und Fingern.

Key words

skin exposure - electronic dosimeter - thermoluminescence dosimeters - online surveillance - [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-NOC synthesis

Schlüsselwörter

Hautexposition - elektronisches Dosimeter - Thermolumineszenzdosimeter - [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-NOC-Synthese


Publication History

Received: 10 January 2020

Accepted: 09 March 2020

Article published online:
25 March 2020

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Stuttgart · New York

 

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