Metabolic Syndrome Pathophysiology and Predisposing Factors

António Bovolini; Juliana Garcia; Maria Amparo Andrade; José Alberto Duarte

doi:10.1055/a-1263-0898

International Journal of Sports Medicine, Table of Contents

Int J Sports Med 2021; 42(03): 199-214
DOI: 10.1055/a-1263-0898

Review

Metabolic Syndrome Pathophysiology and Predisposing Factors

Authors

António Bovolini

¹CIAFEL Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto
Juliana Garcia

²Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real
Maria Amparo Andrade

³Federal University of Pernambuco, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife
José Alberto Duarte

¹CIAFEL Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto

⁴University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317 4585-116 Gandra Paredes, Portugal

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors with high prevalence among adult populations and elevated costs for public health systems worldwide. Despite the lack of consensus regarding the syndrome definition and diagnosis criteria, it is characterized by the coexistence of risk factors such as abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, a prothrombotic and pro-inflammatory state, insulin resistance (IR), and higher glucose levels, factors indubitably linked to an increased risk of developing chronic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The syndrome has a complex and multifaceted origin not fully understood; however, it has been strongly suggested that sedentarism and unbalanced dietary patterns might play a fundamental role in its development. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview from the syndrome epidemiology, costs, and main etiological traits from its relationship with unhealthy diet patterns and sedentary lifestyles.

Key words

metabolic syndrome - sedentary lifestyle - diet - cardiovascular disease - type 2 diabetes

Full Text

References

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