Nephropathy in Diabetes

Preliminary Note

Patients with diabetes mellitus affected by kidney damage have an excessively increased cardiovascular risk. This requires an early diagnosis, a consistent and goal-oriented therapy of diabetes mellitus, arterial blood pressure and all concomitant diseases and an early, close and patient-centered cooperation between family doctor, diabetologist and nephrologist.

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
04. Januar 2021

• Literature

• 1 Mogensen CE. Introduction: Diabetes mellitus and the kidney. Kidney Int 1982; 21: 673-675
• 2 KDIGO. KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Suppl 2013; 3: 1-150
• 3 Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W. et al. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J 2018; 39: 3021-3104
• 4 Buse JB, Wexler DJ, Tsapas A. et al. 2019 update to: Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes, 2018. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetologia 2020; 63: 221-228
• 5 Landgrave R, Aberle J, Birkenfeld AL. et al. Therapy of type 2 diabetes. Diabetol metabolism 2019; 14: S167-S187
• 6 Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL. et al. 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular riskThe Task Force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS). Eur Heart J 2020; 41: 111-188
• 7 Kristensen SL, Rørth R, Jhund PS. et al. Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019; 7: 776-785
• 8 Zelniker TA, Wiviott SD, Raz I. et al. SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. The Lancet 2019; 393: 31-39
• 9 Perkovic V, Jardine MJ, Neal B. et al. Canagliflozin and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2019; 380: 2295-2306
• 10 Heerspink HJL, Stefánsson BV, Correa-Rotter R. et al. Dapagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. N Engl J Med 2020;