Rofo 2021; 193(06): 683-691
DOI: 10.1055/a-1299-1627
Interventional Radiology

Lactate Dehydrogenase Prior to Transarterial Hepatic Chemoperfusion Predicts Survival and Time to Progression in Patients with Uveal Melanoma Liver Metastases

Laktatdehydrogenase vor transarterieller hepatischer Chemoperfusion prognostiziert das Überleben und den Tumorprogress bei Patienten mit Lebermetastasen bei Aderhautmelanom
1   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Germany
,
Johannes Haubold
1   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Germany
,
Till-Alexander Heusner
2   Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology/Neuroradiology, Sankt-Elisabeth-Hospital Gütersloh, Gütersloh, Germany
,
Sebastian Bauer
3   West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Germany
,
Jens T. Siveke
4   German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), partner location University Hospital Essen, University Hospital Essen, Germany
,
Heike Richly
3   West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Germany
,
Axel Wetter
1   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Germany
,
Lale Umutlu
1   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Germany
,
1   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Germany
› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Purpose To assess serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as a pretreatment prognostic factor in patients with uveal melanoma liver metastases treated with transarterial hepatic chemoperfusion (THC).

Materials and Methods 56 patients (48 % male, median age: 63.5 years) underwent a median of 4 THC sessions. Kaplan-Meier for median overall survival (OS) and time to hepatic progression (TTP; 95 %CI) in months and Cox proportional hazards model for uni- (UVA) & multivariate analyses (MVA) for hazard ratio (HR) evaluation were calculated.

Results The median OS was 9.4 months. The pretreatment LDH value before 1st THC was the strongest OS predictor with 19.8 months for normal (≦ 280 units per liter (U/L)), 9.7 for intermediate (> 280–< 1000 U/L), and 3.84 months for high (≧ 1000 U/L) LDH. LDH significantly predicted a median TTP with 8 months, 4 months, and 1 month for normal, intermediate, and high LDH, respectively. UVA revealed intermediate (16.5) and high (77.3) LDH, bilirubin > the upper limit of normal (ULN) (2.89), alkaline phosphatase > 1.5 ULN (6.8), leukocytes > ULN (4.2), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) > ULN (7), extrahepatic metastases (1.8) and liver lesions ≥ 5 cm (3.6) as significant predictors for worse OS. MVA confirmed intermediate (5) and high (27.1) LDH, bilirubin (5.7), GGT (2.9), and tumor size ≥ 5 cm (3.7) as significant independent predictors for worse OS. Patients with decreasing vs. increasing LDH > 10 % between 1st and 2nd THC (median: 38 days) survived longer (14.6 vs. 4.3 months) and progressed later (7 months vs. 1 month).

Conclusion Elevated pretreatment serum LDH is an essential and robust OS and TTP predictor, potentially allowing for the identification of patients benefiting most from transarterial hepatic chemoperfusion.

Key Points:

  • Pretherapeutic LDH is the most reliable prognosticator for OS and TTP

  • Therapy-related LDH decrease > 10 % between 1st and 2nd THC had prolonged OS and TTP

  • Lower Values of LDH, bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and tumor size are independent pretherapeutic predictors for longer OS

  • Extrahepatic metastases do not have an independent influence on overall survival

Citation Format

  • Ludwig J, Haubold J, Heusner T et al. Lactate Dehydrogenase Prior to Transarterial Hepatic Chemoperfusion Predicts Survival and Time to Progression in Patients with Uveal Melanoma Liver Metastases. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2021; 193: 683 – 691

Zusammenfassung

Ziel Beurteilung der Serum-Laktatdehydrogenase (LDH) als prätherapeutischer prognostischer Faktor bei Patienten mit Lebermetastasen eines Aderhautmelanoms, die mit der transarteriellen hepatischen Chemoperfusion (THC) behandelt wurden.

Material und Methoden 56 Patienten (48 % männlich, medianes Alter: 63,5 Jahre) erhielten im Median 4 Behandlungen. Die Kaplan-Meier-Analyse für das mediane Gesamtüberleben und die Zeit bis zur hepatischen Tumorprogression (TTP; 95 %-KI) in Monaten sowie das Cox-Proportional-Hazard-Modell für die univariate (UVA) und multivariate Analyse (MVA) zur Bewertung des Risikoquotienten (HR) wurden berechnet.

Ergebnisse Das mediane Überleben betrug 9,4 Monate. Der LDH-Wert vor der ersten Behandlung war der stärkste Prädiktor für das Überleben mit 19,8 Monaten für normale (≦ 280 Einheiten/Liter (U/L)), 9,7 Monaten für mittlere (> 280–< 1000 U/L) und 3,84 Monaten für hohe (≧ 1000 U/L) LDH-Werte. Die LDH war der signifikanteste Vorhersagewert für die TTP mit 8, 4 und 1 Monaten für normale, mittlere bzw. hohe LDH-Werte. Die UVA identifizierte mittlere (16,5) und hohe (77,3) LDH-Werte, Bilirubin > Obergrenze des Normalbereichs (ULN) (2,89), alkalische Phosphatase > 1,5 ULN (6,8), Leukozyten > ULN (4,2), Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) > ULN (7), extrahepatische Metastasen (1,8) und Leberläsionen ≥ 5 cm (3,6) als signifikante Prädiktoren für ein kürzeres Überleben. Die MVA bestätigte mittlere (5,0) und hohe (27,1) LDH-Werte, Bilirubin (5,7), GGT (2,9) und eine Tumorgröße von ≥ 5 cm (3,7) als unabhängige signifikante Prädiktoren für das Überleben. Patienten mit einer LDH-Abnahme vs. einer Zunahme > 10 % zwischen der ersten und zweiten Behandlung (median: 38 Tage) überlebten länger (14,6 vs. 4,3 Monate) und zeigten eine spätere Progression (7 vs. 1 Monate).

Schlussfolgerung Ein erhöhter prätherapeutischer LDH-Wert ist ein wesentlicher und robuster OS- und TTP-Prädiktor, der es potenziell ermöglicht die Patienten zu identifizieren, welche am meisten von der transarteriellen hepatischen Chemoperfusion profitieren.

Kernaussagen:

  • Prätherapeutisches LDH ist der stärkste prognostische Faktor für das Überleben und die Tumorprogression

  • Eine therapiebedingte LDH-Abnahme > 10 % zwischen der ersten und zweiten Behandlung ist mit einem längeren OS und TTP assoziiert

  • Niedrigere LDH, Bilirubin und Gamma-Glutamyl-Transferase Werte sowie kleinere Tumore sind unabhängige prätherapeutische Prädiktoren für ein längeres Gesamtüberleben

  • Extrahepatische Metastasen haben keinen unabhängigen Einfluss auf das Gesamtüberleben



Publication History

Received: 25 April 2020

Accepted: 19 October 2020

Article published online:
21 December 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 
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