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DOI: 10.1055/a-1478-1034
Endovenöse Therapie chronisch venöser Obstruktionen
Endovenous Treatment of Chronic Venous ObstructionZusammenfassung
Bei der chronisch venösen Obstruktion (CVO) liegt ein Abstromhindernis vor, welches eine venöse Hypertension im betroffenen Bein verursacht. Die CVO tritt vornehmlich auf dem Boden eines postthrombotischen Syndroms (PTS) oder eines May-Thurner-Syndroms (MTS) auf. Die CVO kann zu einer deutlichen Einschränkung des täglichen Lebens führen und hat erhebliche sozioökonomische Konsequenzen. Bei der endovenösen Rekanalisation zur Behandlung einer symptomatischen CVO handelt es sich um eine relativ neue therapeutische Option, die mittlerweile generell als Behandlung der ersten Wahl akzeptiert ist. Seit Verwendung spezieller venöser Stents können auch ausgedehntere Befunde, die eine anspruchsvollere Rekonstruktion erforderlich machen, erfolgreich therapiert werden.
Damit nach einer venösen Rekanalisation keine Stase des Blutstroms und ein Primärverschluss auftreten, müssen ein suffizienter Ein- und Ausstrom gewährleistet sein. Zur Verbesserung des Einstroms werden Hybrideingriffe mit Endophlebektomie der Vena femoralis communis und AV-Fistel-Anlage, zur Ausstromverbesserung werden spezielle Rekonstruktionen der Vena-cava-inferior-Konfluenz, z. B. die Skipped-Technik, empfohlen.
Abstract
Chronic venous obstruction (CVO) is an outflow obstruction that causes venous hypertension in the affected leg. CVO occurs primarily on the basis of a post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) or a May-Thurner syndrome (MTS). CVO can lead to a considerable limitation in daily life and has significant socioeconomic consequences. Endovenous recanalization for the treatment of symptomatic CVO is a relatively new therapeutic option that is now generally accepted as the first choice of treatment. Since the use of special venous stents, more extensive pathologies, which require more demanding reconstruction, can also be treated successfully.
Adequate inflow and outflow must be ensured to prevent stasis of the blood flow and early occlusion after venous recanalization. To improve the inflow, hybrid interventions with endophlebectomy of the common femoral vein and creation of an AV fistula could be helpful; special reconstruction of the inferior vena cava confluence, e. g., the skipped technique, is recommended to improve outflow.
Schlüsselwörter
chronisch venöse Obstruktion - postthrombotisches Syndrom - May-Thurner-Syndrom - venöse Rekanalisation - venöse StentsKey words
chronic venous obstruction - post-thrombotic syndrome - May-Thurner syndrome - venous recanalization - venous stentsPublication History
Article published online:
11 May 2021
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