Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2022; 72(05): 179-188
DOI: 10.1055/a-1663-6647
Originalarbeit

Psychotherapeutische und ärztliche Inanspruchnahme bei persistierenden somatischen Symptomen: 4-Jahres-Katamnese des Netzwerks für somatoforme und funktionelle Störungen (Sofu-Net)

Mental and Somatic Health Care Use in Persistent Somatic Symptoms: 4-Year Follow Up of the Network for Somatoform and Functional Disorders (Sofu-Net)
Alexandra Seesing
1   Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
,
Bernd Löwe
1   Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
,
Meike Shedden-Mora
2   Department Psychologie, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
› Author Affiliations

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Das gestufte, koordinierte und interdisziplinäre Gesundheitsnetzwerk für somatoforme und funktionelle Störungen (Sofu-Net) wurde entwickelt, um Patienten mit somatoformen und funktionellen Störungen leitliniengerecht zu versorgen. Diese Studie evaluiert die klinische Symptomatik der Patienten, ihre psychotherapeutische und ärztliche Inanspruchnahme sowie deren Prädiktoren zur 4-Jahres-Katamnese einer kontrollierten Wirksamkeitsstudie.

Methodik 219 Patienten mit Risiko für somatoforme Störungen aus den Sofu-Net Praxen (n=119) und den Kontrollpraxen (n=100) wurden nach 4 Jahren mittels strukturierter Interviews erneut befragt. Outcomes zur 4-Jahres-Katamnese waren die klinische Symptomatik, die psychotherapeutische und ärztliche Inanspruchnahme.

Ergebnisse 127 Patienten (n=74 Sofu-Net, n=53 Kontrollpraxen) wurden nachbefragt. Im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe wurden die Sofu-Net Patienten signifikant häufiger in Psychotherapie vermittelt (55,4 vs. 35,8%). Ein jüngeres Alter und häufigere Hausarztgespräche anlässlich psychosozialer Probleme sagten die psychotherapeutische Inanspruchnahme vorher. In der Ausprägung der klinischen Symptomatik und im Ausmaß der ärztlichen Inanspruchnahme konnte kein Unterschied zwischen den beiden Gruppen festgestellt werden. Wichtige Prädiktoren waren die Anzahl somatischer Erkrankungen, erhöhte Krankheitsangst, weibliches Geschlecht, erhöhte depressive Symptomatik sowie eine niedrige körperliche und psychische Lebensqualität.

Diskussion Langfristig gelang durch die koordinierte und interdisziplinäre Netzwerkstruktur eine erfolgreichere Vermittlung von Risikopatienten in die Psychotherapie. Die Rolle des Hausarztes erwies sich dabei als wichtig. Allerdings ging dies weder mit einer Verbesserung des klinischen Zustandes der Patienten noch mit einer Abnahme der ambulanten ärztlichen Inanspruchnahme einher.

Abstract

Background The stepped, coordinated, interdisciplinary Health Network for Somatoform and Functional Disorders (Sofu-Net) was developed to provide guideline-based care for patients with somatoform and functional disorders. This controlled cluster cohort study evaluated patients’ mental and somatic health care use, clinical outcomes, and their predictors at 4-years follow-up.

Method 219 patients at risk for somatoform disorders from Sofu-Net practices (n=119) and control practices (n=100) were resurveyed after 4 years using structured interviews. Outcomes were mental and somatic health care use, somatic symptom burden and depressive symptoms.

Results 127 patients (n=74 Sofu-Net, n=53 controls) were followed up. Compared with the control group, Sofu-Net patients were significantly more likely to be referred to psychotherapy (55.4 vs. 35.8%). Younger age and more frequent GP consultations on the occasion of psychosocial problems predicted mental health care use. No difference was found between the two groups in the severity of clinical symptoms or in the extent of somatic health care use. Significant predictors were the number of somatic diseases, increased fear of illness, female gender, increased depressive symptomatology, low physical and mental quality of life.

Discussion In the long term, the coordinated and interdisciplinary network structure succeeded in more successfully referring high-risk patients to psychotherapy. The role of the primary care physician proved to be important. However, this was not accompanied by an improvement in the patients’ clinical condition or a decrease in outpatient physician utilization.



Publication History

Received: 17 March 2021

Accepted: 03 October 2021

Article published online:
24 November 2021

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