Abstract
Purpose To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 on the radiological imaging
volume in Germany.
Materials und Methods In this retrospective multicenter study, we analyzed CT and MRI examinations of 7
radiology institutes across Germany from January to December 2020. The imaging volume
was compared to 2019 (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test). Modality, patient service locations,
and examined body parts were assessed in consideration of time periods of the pandemic.
In addition, correlation with the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 cases and associated death
was performed (Spearman-test).
Results In total, in 2020, imaging volume declined by 4 % (n = 8314) compared with 2019 (p < 0.05).
The hard lockdown during the first pandemic wave (calendar week 12–16, March 22 –
April 19) revealed the highest decrease with 29 % (n = 894, p < 0.01), with the greatest
decrease in CT (36 % vs. MRI 26 %), outpatients (38 %, p < 0.01), and imaging of the
spine and extremities (51–72 %, < 0.05 – p < 0.01). Examinations referred from the
emergency department (–13 %, p < 0.05) and CT of the chest (–16 %, p < 0.05) were
least affected. With the end of the first wave, gradual normalization of the imaging
volume was observed and persisted until the end of the observation period. A reduction
of imaging volume negatively correlated with the incidence of SARS-CoV-2-positive
cases and associated deaths (r = 0.28 and 0.49, p < 0.05 and p < 0.001).
Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a significant temporary decline in imaging
volume. After the first lockdown period, a quick recovery was observed with radiologic
imaging examinations steadily approaching prior-year figures.
Key points:
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This study assesses the impact of dynamic pandemic activity on radiological imaging
in a multicenter analysis in Germany.
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The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a temporary decline in CT and MRI scans.
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Relaxation of restrictions was associated with fast normalization of imaging volumes
to prior-year levels, which persisted until the end of the year.
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Significant catch-up effects were not observed.
Citation Format
Key words
COVID 19 - SARS-CoV-2 - imaging volume - MRI - Germany - CT
