Funktionelle Dyspepsie

In Europa liegt die Prävalenz dyspeptischer Beschwerden bei 24%, sie hängt jedoch von verschiedensten Faktoren ab. Dyspeptische Symptome können die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen ähnlich mindern wie organische Erkrankungen, weshalb viele Betroffene medizinische Hilfe suchen. Dieser Artikel soll klinisch Tätige mit den aktuellen Konzepten vertraut machen, die für die Behandlung von Patienten mit funktioneller Dyspepsie wichtig sind.

Kernaussagen

• Die funktionelle Dyspepsie ist eine chronisch rezidivierende Erkrankung mit fluktuierender Symptomatik.

• Sie ist geprägt von postprandialem Völlegefühl, frühem Sättigungsgefühl und/oder Oberbauchschmerzen bzw. -brennen.

• Die Diagnose stützt sich auf symptombasierte Kriterien, Anamnese, klinische Untersuchung, Laborparameter und ggf. Endoskopie sowie auf den Ausschluss anderer organischer Ursachen.

• Realistische Therapieziele sind die Linderung der Symptomatik und Besserung der Lebensqualität.

• Die Aufklärung der Patienten über den Charakter der Erkrankung und die erwartbaren Ziele ist ein zentraler Baustein der Behandlung.

• Für die Therapie gibt es verschiedene Ansätze, die Allgemeinmaßnahmen wie Ernährung und Stressreduktion sowie Phytotherapeutika, Antibiotika, Prokinetika, PPI oder trizyklische Antidepressiva umfassen.

Schlüsselwörter

Funktionelle Dyspepsie - funktionelle Magen-Darm-Erkrankungen - Störung der Darm-Hirn-Interaktion - „Disorders of Brain-Gut-Interaction“

Publication History

Article published online:
21 June 2023

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