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Deutsche Heilpraktiker-Zeitschrift 2023; 18(02): 48-54
DOI: 10.1055/a-1997-8697
Praxis
Grundlagen

Psychoneurophysiologische Wirkmechanismen der Selbstheilung

Christian Schubert∗
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Summary

Selbstheilung lässt sich der Mind-Body-Medizin (MBM) zuordnen und umfasst eine Reihe von Mind-Body-Therapien (MBT) mit Hilfe derer Individuen selbstwirksam und -regulativ in die physiologischen Gleichgewichtssysteme des Organismus eingreifen. In diesem Beitrag werden die bis dato bekannten neurophysiologischen Wirkmechanismen der MBT aus patho- und salutogenetischer Perspektive integrativ-systemisch dargestellt. Top-down wirkende MBT (z.B. Meditation, Hypnose) dürften dabei über zentralnervöse Aktivitätsveränderungen und damit verbundener Beruhigung der Stresssystemaktivität (u.a. Cortisol, sympatho-vagale Balance) zu Reduktionen von Entzündungsaktivität führen. Bottom-Up wirkende MBT (z.B. Yoga, Qigong) setzen wiederum an der peripheren Körperphysiologie an und wirken über die kontrollierte Atemarbeit und über körperliche Praktiken positiv auf stressverarbeitende Systeme und Immunaktivität. Das robusteste Ergebnis zu den Wirkmechanismen der Selbstheilung stellt die Verringerung von stressbedingter Entzündung dar. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Messung von genomischen im Vergleich zu zirkulierenden und über die Zeit mehr schwankenden Immunparametern zu verlässlicheren Ergebnissen führt. Dies lässt die in diesem Forschungsbereich mehrheitlich verwendeten randomisierten kontrollierten Studien (randomized controlled trial, RCT)-Studien als zu statisch und normativ erscheinen. Das Integrative Einzelfalldesign zur Untersuchung von biopsychosozialer Komplexität unter Alltagsbedingungen ist aufgrund der Analyse engmaschiger Zeitreihen und von tiefenpsychologischen Interviewanalysen in der Lage, die Mechanismen der Selbstheilung sehr valide zu erfassen.

Keywords

Selbstheilung - meaning-response - Mind-Body-Medizin - Mind-Body-Therapien - neurophysiologische Mechanismen - Psychoneuroimmunologie - Integrative Einzelfallstudie


Publication History

Article published online:
31 March 2023

© Karl F. Haug Verlag in Georg Thieme Verlag
KG

 

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