Alte und neue Regionalanästhesieverfahren unter Review – Kopf bis Bauch

Die Regionalanästhesie hat mit Einführung der Sonografie eine neue Bedeutung erfahren. Mit ihrer Unterstützung können wichtige Begleitstrukturen umgangen und Komplikationen vermieden werden. Zusätzlich sind komplexe Punktionen möglich, die allein durch Landmarken zu risikoreich wären. Der Artikel beschreibt publizierte und klinisch etablierte Punktionstechniken am Hals, der oberen Extremität und am oberen Rumpf bezüglich Indikationen und Durchführung.

Abstract

By implementation of sonography regional anesthesia became more relevant in the daily practice of anesthesia and pain therapy. Due to visualized needle guidance ultrasound supports more safety during needle placement. Thereby new truncal blocks got enabled. Next to the blocking of specific nerve structures, plane blocks got established which can also be described as interfascial compartment blocks. The present review illustrates published and established blocks in daily practice concerning indications and the procedural issues. Moreover, the authors explain potential risks, complications and dosing of local anesthetics.

Schlüsselwörter

Regionalanästhesie - obere Extremität - Nervenblockaden - Feldblock - Brustwand - Blockade - thoracic block

Keywords

regional anaesthesia - upper limb - nerve block - plane block

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