Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/a-2318-1880
Inhalation of Hydrogen-rich Gas before Acute Exercise Alleviates Exercise Fatigue: A Randomized Crossover Study
Funding Information National Key Research and Development Projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology — 2018YFC2000602 major project of Beijing Social Science Foundation: “Theory and Practice Research on Deep Integration of National Fitness and National Health in the New Era” — 20ZDA19Abstract
Hydrogen, as an antioxidant, may have the potential to mitigate fatigue and improve selected oxidative stress markers induced by strenuous exercise. This study focused on a previously unexplored approach involving pre-exercise inhalation of hydrogen-rich gas (HRG). Twenty-four healthy adult men first completed pre-laboratories to determine maximum cycling power (Wmax) and maximum cycling time (Tmax). Then they were subjected to ride Tmax at 80% Wmax and 60–70 rpm on cycle ergometers after inhaled HRG or placebo gas (air) for 60-minute in a double-blind, counterbalanced, randomized, and crossover design. The cycling frequency in the fatigue modeling process and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) at the beginning and end of the ride were recorded. Before gas inhalation and after fatigue modeling, visual analog scale (VAS) for fatigue and counter-movement jump (CMJ) were tested, and blood samples were obtained. The results showed that compared to a placebo, HRG inhalation induced significant improvement in VAS, RPE, the cycling frequency during the last 30 seconds in the fatigue modeling process, the ability to inhibit hydroxyl radicals, and serum lactate after exercise (p<0.028), but not in CMJ height and glutathione peroxidase activity. The cycling frequency during the last 30 seconds of all other segments in the fatigue modeling process was within the range of 60–70 rpm. In conclusion, HRG inhalation prior to acute exercise can alleviate exercise-induced fatigue, maintain functional performance, and improve hydroxyl radical and lactate levels.
Publication History
Received: 04 March 2024
Accepted: 29 April 2024
Accepted Manuscript online:
02 May 2024
Article published online:
10 September 2024
© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
-
References
- 1 O’Connor E, Mündel T, Barnes MJ. Nutritional Compounds to Improve Post-Exercise Recovery. Nutrients 2022; 14: 5069
- 2 Kellmann M, Bertollo M, Bosquet L. et al. Recovery and Performance in Sport: Consensus Statement. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2018; 13: 240-245
- 3 Gerlach KE, White SC, Burton HW. et al. Kinetic changes with fatigue and relationship to injury in female runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005; 37: 657-663
- 4 Mehtar T, Letafatkar A, Hadadnezhad M. Comparison the effect of the fatigue of body and lower limbs on the performance and risk factors of lower limbs in the women novice athletes. Int J Med Res Health Sci 2016; 5: 34-39
- 5 Powers SK, Deminice R, Ozdemir M. et al. Exercise-induced oxidative stress: Friend or foe?. J Sport Health Sci 2020; 9: 415-425
- 6 Kawamura T, Muraoka I. Exercise-induced oxidative stress and the effects of antioxidant intake from a physiological viewpoint. Antioxidants 2018; 7: 119
- 7 Fisher-Wellman K, Bloomer RJ. Acute exercise and oxidative stress: A 30-year history. Dyn Med 2009; 8: 1-25
- 8 Ohsawa I, Ishikawa M, Takahashi K. et al. Hydrogen acts as a therapeutic antioxidant by selectively reducing cytotoxic oxygen radicals. Nat Med 2007; 13: 688-694
- 9 Ostojic SM. Hydrogen Gas as an Exotic Performance-Enhancing Agent: Challenges and Opportunities. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26
- 10 Lebaron TW, Laher I, Kura B. et al. Hydrogen gas: From clinical medicine to an emerging ergogenic molecule for sports athletes. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97: 797-807
- 11 Hong Y, Chen S, Zhang JM. Hydrogen as a Selective Antioxidant: A Review of Clinical and Experimental Studies. J Int Med Res 2010; 38: 1893-1903
- 12 Ostojic S. Molecular hydrogen in sports medicine: New therapeutic perspectives. Int J Sports Med 2015; 36: 273-279
- 13 Dong G, Fu J, Bao D. et al. Short-Term Consumption of Hydrogen-Rich Water Enhances Power Performance and Heart Rate Recovery in Dragon Boat Athletes: Evidence from a Pilot Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19: 5413
- 14 Aoki K, Nakao A, Adachi T. et al. Pilot study: Effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water on muscle fatigue caused by acute exercise in elite athletes. Med Gas Res 2012; 2: 12
- 15 Shibayama Y, Dobashi S, Arisawa T. et al. Impact of hydrogen-rich gas mixture inhalation through nasal cannula during post-exercise recovery period on subsequent oxidative stress, muscle damage, and exercise performances in men. Med Gas Res 2020; 10: 155
- 16 Botek M, Khanna D. Jakub.Krejí et al. Molecular Hydrogen Mitigates Performance Decrement during Repeated Sprints in Professional Soccer Players. Nutrients 2022; 14: 508
- 17 Botek M, Krejčí J, Mckune AJ. et al. Hydrogen Rich Water Improved Ventilatory, Perceptual and Lactate Responses to Exercise. Int J Sports Med 2019; 40: 879-885
- 18 Kawamura T, Higashida K, Muraoka I. Application of molecular hydrogen as a novel antioxidant in sports science. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020; 2020: 2328768
- 19 Mikami T, Tano K, Lee H. et al. Drinking hydrogen water enhances endurance and relieves psychometric fatigue: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97: 857-862
- 20 Nogueira JE, Passaglia P, Mota CM. et al. Molecular hydrogen reduces acute exercise-induced inflammatory and oxidative stress status. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129: 186-193
- 21 Holgado D, Troya E, Perales JC. et al. Does mental fatigue impair physical performance? A replication study. Eur J Sport Sci 2021; 21: 762-770
- 22 Barzegarpoor H, Amoozi H, Rajabi H. et al. The effects of performing mental exertion during cycling exercise on fatigue indices. Int J Sports Med 2020; 41: 846-857
- 23 Holgado D, Jolidon L, Borragan G. et al. Individualized mental fatigue does not impact neuromuscular function and exercise performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55: 1823-1834
- 24 Lee KA, Hicks G, Nino-Murcia G. Validity and reliability of a scale to assess fatigue. Psychiatry Res 1991; 36: 291
- 25 Soriano-Maldonado A, Romero L, Femia P. et al. A Learning Protocol Improves the Validity of the Borg 6-20 RPE Scale During Indoor Cycling. Int J Sports Med 2014; 35: 379-384
- 26 Borg G. The Borg CR Scales Folder. Borg Perception: Hasselby, Sweden. 2010
- 27 Claudino JG, Cronin J, Mezêncio B. et al. The countermovement jump to monitor neuromuscular status: A meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport 2017; 20: 397-402
- 28 Martin K, Thompson K, Keegan R. et al. Mental fatigue does not affect maximal anaerobic exercise performance. Eur J Appl Physiol 2015; 115: 715-725
- 29 Aragón LuisF. Evaluation of Four Vertical Jump Tests: Methodology, Reliability, Validity, and Accuracy. Measurement in Physical Education & Exercise Science 2000; 4: 215-228
- 30 Gavin M, Purvi S, Chris C. Intersession reliability of vertical jump height in women and men. Journal of strength and conditioning research / National Strength & Conditioning Association 2008; 22: 1779-1784
- 31 Powers SK, Jackson MJ. Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress: Cellular Mechanisms and Impact on Muscle Force Production. Physiol Rev 2008; 88: 1243-1276
- 32 Dobashi S, Takeuchi K, Koyama K. Hydrogen-rich water suppresses the reduction in blood total antioxidant capacity induced by 3 consecutive days of severe exercise in physically active males. Med Gas Res 2020; 10: 21-26
- 33 Reid MB, Haack KE, Franchek KM. et al. Reactive oxygen in skeletal muscle. I. Intracellular oxidant kinetics and fatigue in vitro. J Appl Physiol 1992; 73: 1797-1804
- 34 Ostojic SM. Serum Alkalinization and Hydrogen-Rich Water in Healthy Men. Mayo Clin Proc 2012; 87: 501-502
- 35 Bloomer RJ. Effect of exercise on oxidative stress biomarkers. Adv Clin Chem 2008; 46: 1-50
- 36 Sahlin K, Nielsen JS, Mogensen M. et al. Repeated static contractions increase mitochondrial vulnerability toward oxidative stress in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 2006; 101: 833-839
- 37 Coombes JS, Rowell B, Dodd SL. et al. Effects of vitamin E deficiency on fatigue and muscle contractile properties. Eur J Appl Physiol 2002; 87: 272-277
- 38 Finaud J, Lac G, Filaire E. Oxidative stress: Relationship with exercise and training. Sports Med 2006; 36: 327
- 39 Tian Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y. et al. Hydrogen, a novel therapeutic molecule, regulates oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Front Physiol 2021; 12: 789507
- 40 Ohta S. Molecular hydrogen is a novel antioxidant to efficiently reduce oxidative stress with potential for the improvement of mitochondrial diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta 2012; 1820: 586-594
- 41 Hyland-Monks R, Cronin L, McNaughton L. et al. The role of executive function in the self-regulation of endurance performance: A critical review. Prog Brain Res 2018; 240: 353-370
- 42 De Wachter J, Proost M, Habay J. et al. Prefrontal cortex oxygenation during endurance performance: A systematic review of functional near-infrared spectroscopy studies. Front Physiol 2021; 12: 761232
- 43 Hong Y, Dong G, Li Q. et al. Effects of pre-exercise H2 inhalation on physical fatigue and related prefrontal cortex activation during and after high-intensity exercise. Front Physiol 2022; 13: 988028
- 44 Peng Y, Meng L, Zhu H. et al. Effect of Normobaric Oxygen Inhalation Intervention on Microcirculatory Blood Flow and Fatigue Elimination of College Students After Exercise. Front Genet 2022; 13: 901862
- 45 Qiang Xiao G, Chun Li H. Effects of inhalation of oxygen on free radical metabolism and oxidative, antioxidative capabilities of the erythrocyte after intensive exercise. Res Sports Med 2006; 14: 107-115