Ulcus cruris und Kontaktallergien: Wissenswertes für den Phlebologen

Patienten mit Ulcus cruris haben gegenüber der Normalbevölkerung ein erhöhtes Risiko, eine Kontaktallergie zu entwickeln. Der wiederholte oder langfristige Einsatz von Externa wie Wundauflagen, Cremes, Antiseptika, Antibiotika oder Okklusivverbänden sowie die bestehende gestörte Hautbarrierefunktion sind Risikofaktoren in der Entstehung einer Kontaktallergie. Das Erkennen, die korrekte Zuordnung zum applizierten Allergen und die Behandlung der Kontaktallergie stellen im klinischen Alltag häufig eine Herausforderung dar. Kausale Therapien wie die Kompressionstherapie werden in der Akutphase einer Kontaktdermatitis erschwert. Oft werden Juckreiz oder Rötungen, die unter den Kompressionsmaterialien entstehen, als eine allergische Reaktion fehlinterpretiert. Allergische Reaktionen auf Kompressionsstrümpfe sind selten, dennoch kommen sie gelegentlich vor. In der Prävention einer Kontaktallergie kommt der Stärkung der Hautbarrierefunktion und dem Meiden von Kontaktstoffen mit hohen allergenen Potenzial eine besondere Bedeutung zu.

Abstract

Patients with leg ulcers have an increased risk of developing a contact allergy compared to the general population. The repeated or long-term use of external agents such as wound dressings, creams, antiseptics, antibiotics or occlusive dressings as well as the existing impaired skin barrier function are risk factors in the development of a contact allergy.

Recognizing, correctly classifying the applied allergen and treating the contact allergy are often a challenge in everyday clinical practice. Causal therapies such as compression therapy are made more difficult in the acute phase of contact dermatitis. Itching or redness that occurs under the compression materials is often misinterpreted as an allergic reaction. Allergic reactions to compression stockings are rare, but they do occur occasionally.

Strengthening the skin barrier function and avoiding contact substances with a high allergenic potential are particularly important in the prevention of contact allergy.

Schlüsselwörter

Ulcus cruris - Kompressionsstrümpfe - Therapie - Prävention - Allergische Kontaktdermatitis

Keywords

contact dermatitis - ulcus cruris - compression stockings - therapy - prevention

Publication History

Received: 16 March 2025

Accepted after revision: 02 June 2025

Article published online:
18 July 2025

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