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DOI: 10.1055/a-2436-9471
Postoperative Schmerzen nach ambulanten Operationen an der Hand und am Handgelenk
Postoperative Pain Level Following Surgery of the Hand and Wrist in the Ambulatory SettingZusammenfassung
Hintergrund Handchirurgische Operationen werden im besonderen Maße zunehmend in den ambulanten Sektor gedrängt. Die postoperative Schmerzmittelversorgung orientiert sich empirisch an der Schmerzhaftigkeit einzelner Eingriffe, ohne dass diese systematisch untersucht worden wäre.
Patienten und Methoden Die postoperative Schmerzhaftigkeit (visuelle Analogskala) von 722 Operationen an Hand- und Handgelenk (01.07.2021 bis 30.06.2023) wurde bis Tag 5 erfasst. Die Analgetikagabe erfolgte empirisch und nach dem WHO-Stufenschema. Primärer Endpunkt waren Schmerzen nach Gelenk- oder Knochenoperationen an Tag 1 verglichen mit Weichteil-, endoskopischen Eingriffen oder Materialentfernungen. Sekundäre Endpunkte waren Schmerzen in Abhängigkeit von Geschlecht, Alter, Operationsdauer und vorheriger Schmerzmitteleinnahme.
Ergebnisse Operationen an Knochen und Gelenken gingen mit signifikant (p<0,001) stärkeren Schmerzen (5,42±2,8) einher als andere Operationen (3,47±2,6). Weibliches Geschlecht (p=0,001), längere Operationsdauer (R>0,2) und jüngeres Alter (R>0,2) korrelierten schwach mit stärkeren Schmerzen, während vorherige Opioideinnahme mäßig mit erhöhtem Opioidbedarf (R=0,34) postoperativ einhergingen. Insgesamt verringerten sich die Schmerzen vom Operationsabend (4,4±2,8) bis Tag 5 (3,7±2,7; 2,8±2,4; 2,1±2,1; 1,6±1,9; 1,3±1,7) jeweils täglich.
Schlussfolgerung Die Daten geben eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Orientierung für die Schmerzmittelversorgung bei ambulanten Operationen an Hand oder Handgelenk. Dabei muss die teils breite Streuung des Schmerzempfindens auch bei vermeintlich kleinen Operationen beachtet werden.
Abstract
Background Surgical procedures of the hand are increasingly performed in an ambulatory setting. Postoperative analgesia is based empirically on the painfulness of individual surgical procedures without these having been examined systematically.
Patients and Methods The painfulness (visual analogue scale) of 722 surgical procedures of the hand and wrist (1 July 2021 to 30 June 2023) was assessed until day 5. Analgesia was conducted empirically in accordance with WHO principles. The primary endpoint was the pain sensation on the first postoperative day in bone and joint procedures compared with soft tissue or endoscopic procedures as well as hardware removals. Secondary endpoints were pain sensation in correlation with gender, age, duration of the procedure and preoperative analgesia.
Results Bone and joint procedures were associated with significantly (p<0.001) more pain (5.42±2.8) compared with other procedures (3.47±2.6). Female (p=0.001) and younger patients (R>0.2) as well as longer procedure duration (R>0.2) showed a weak association with higher postoperative pain, whereas preoperative consumption of opioids was moderately associated with higher opioid intake (R=0.34). Overall, pain decreased continuously from the evening of the procedure (4.4±2.8) until day 5 (3.7±2.7; 2.8±2.4; 2.1±2.1; 1.6±1.9; 1.3±1.7)
Conclusion This data provides a scientific basis for pain medication supply following surgical procedures of the hand and wrist in an ambulatory setting. A broad range of pain perception must be considered, even in seemingly minor surgical procedures.
Schlüsselwörter
Analgesie - Aponeurektomie - Handchirurgie - Handgelenkchirurgie - Karpaltunnelsyndrom - RhizarthroseKeywords
analgesia - wrist surgery - thumb basal joint osteoarthritis - carpal tunnel syndrome - aponeurectomyPublication History
Received: 23 July 2024
Accepted: 27 September 2024
Article published online:
13 November 2024
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