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Int J Angiol
DOI: 10.1055/a-2692-1572
Original Article

Association between the Immune Nutritional Index and Clinical Outcomes Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Rikang Yuan
1   Department of Cardiology, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
2   Department of Cardiology, Anhui Medical University Fifth Clinical Medical College, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
3   Department of Cardiology, The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
,
Yucheng Zhou
4   Department of Cardiology, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
,
Yimeng Li
5   Department of Cardiology, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
,
Dongxia Xu
1   Department of Cardiology, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
2   Department of Cardiology, Anhui Medical University Fifth Clinical Medical College, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
3   Department of Cardiology, The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
,
Gangjun Zong
1   Department of Cardiology, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
2   Department of Cardiology, Anhui Medical University Fifth Clinical Medical College, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
3   Department of Cardiology, The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
4   Department of Cardiology, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
5   Department of Cardiology, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
› Author Affiliations
Funding Information This study was supported by the Major Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission (ZD2021020).
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Abstract

The prognosis and recovery of the patient post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedure for myocardial infarction (MI) form a core clinical question. It is increasingly important to know the indices that can inform more effective organizational strategies in the prevention of cardiovascular adverse development among these groups of patients. The current study investigates the relationship between a novel index, Immune–Nutritional Index (INI), a product of albumin and lymphocyte, divided by neutrophils, and the incidence of a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) following PCI procedures. We conducted a retrospective analysis, from January 2020 to March 2024, on 367 patients with segment elevation (ST) myocardial infarction (STEMI) who were subjected to PCI at the 904th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force. We computed the INI for each patient. The prediction of INI for both in-hospital and long-term MACE was discussed, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Three hundred and sixty-seven patients were categorized according to the best cutoff value of INI, and clinical characteristics were compared. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed to determine independent factors associated with in-hospital and long-term MACE, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis determined patients' discharge survival outcomes. The AUC of INI for predicting in-hospital MACE in patients with STEMI was found to be 0.666, while for long-term MACE, it was found to be 0.748. A high INI was independently associated with reduced in-hospital MACE risk among patients with STEMI in multivariate logistic regression analysis (cutoff value 7.101; p < 7.101, odds ratio [OR] = 0.418, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.246–0.712). High INI significantly predicted long-term MACE during a follow-up period in patients with STEMI and was independently associated with it (cutoff value 9.752; p = 0.005, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.423, 95% CI: 0.232–0.770). INI is an important predictive index for MACE during hospitalization and long-term follow-up after PCI in STEMI patients.

Keywords

major adverse cardiovascular events - prevention - Immune–Nutritional Index - PCI - inflammation - acute coronary syndrome - cardiovascular disease

Data Availability Statement

Data will be made available on request. If one needs data access, please contact the e-mail: zonggj@163.com


Contributors' Statement

R.Y. was responsible for conceptualization, methodology, resources, and writing of the original draft. Y.Z. contributed to data curation, formal analysis, and visualization. Y.L. handled investigation and validation. D.X. provided resources and supervision. G.Z. contributed through supervision, conceptualization, writing—review and editing, and funding acquisition.


Ethical Approval

The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the 904th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army of China (ethics approval number: 20241216) and complies with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. As this was a retrospective study involving anonymized data and no direct patient intervention, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee. All patient information was protected in accordance with relevant privacy and confidentiality standards.




Publication History

Received: 22 July 2025

Accepted: 28 August 2025

Article published online:
16 September 2025

© 2025. International College of Angiology. This article is published by Thieme.

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