Zusammenfassung
Der Begriff der harten und weichen Outcomeparameter wurde in den Anfängen der traditionellen
evidenzbasierten Medizin geprägt. Sie unterscheiden hierarchisch die für den Krankheitsprozess
relevanten und objektiven klinischen Endpunkte von den für den Krankheitsprozess nicht
direkt relevanten und als subjektiv bewerteten Endpunkten. Neuere Entwicklungen innerhalb
der evidenzbasierten Medizin nehmen jedoch von dieser Unterteilung Abstand. Hier wird
gleichwertig zwischen mechanistischen und hermeneutischen Endpunkten differenziert.
Ein Nebeneffekt dieser neuen Einteilung ist die verstärkte Aufforderung zur multidimensionalen
Studiengestaltung. Diese neuen Entwicklungen innerhalb der evidenzbasierten Medizin
(EbM) können sich positiv auf Akzeptanzstärke von Ernährungsinterventionsstudien auswirken,
da sie ein EbM-konformes Vorgehen in der Studiengestaltung erleichtern. In dem vorliegenden,
nach einem Vortrag gestalteten Artikel wird zunächst detaillierter auf die Position
der evidenbasierten Medizin eingegangen. Anschließend werden die Besonderheiten von
Ernährungsinterventionsstudien in Abgrenzung zu Arzneimittelstudien erklärt und Lösungsmöglichkeiten
aufgezeichnet.
Abstract
The terms hard and soft outcome parameters were coined in the early days of the traditional
evidence-based medicine. Hard outcome parameters are objective clinical endpoints,
which are relevant for the disease process. Soft outcome parameters are apparently
subjective endpoints, with no direct relevance for the disease. Newer movements within
the evidence-based medicine, however, refrain from this classification, and differentiate
non-hierarchically between mechanistic endpoints and hermeneutic endpoints. One beneficial
effect of the new division is the growing request for multidimensional study designs.
The new developments within the evidence-based medicine (EbM) can positively affect
the acceptance of nutrition intervention study, mainly because they facilitate an
EbM-conform approach in study design. The present article is based on an oral lecture
and the first part describes the position of the evidence-based medicine in more detail.
The second part deals with the specific characteristics of nutrition interventions
studies as compared to interventions studies using medicinal products and points out
possible solutions.
Schlüsselwörter
evidenzbasierte Medizin - Ernährungsinterventionen - Studiendesign - Endpunkte - Outcome
Keywords
evidence-based medicine - nutritional interventions - study design - end points -
outcome
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Dr. Luzia Valentini
Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Med. Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie
und Endokrinologie
Charitéplatz 1
10117 Berlin
Telefon: +49-30-450 514 113
Fax: +49-30-450 514 923
eMail: luzia.valentini@charite.de