Das Gespräch zwischen Arzt und Patientin: Die bewegungsanalytische Perspektive

Zusammenfassung

Körperbewegung und kinetische Interaktion wurden in einem Video-aufgezeichneten 7-minütigen Arzt-Patientin-Interview mit Skalen für Bewegungsverhalten von zwei unabhängigen Ratern kodiert. Erstmals wurde die kinetische Analyse systematisch mit einer unabhängig durchgeführten Diskursanalyse verglichen. Die Patientin zeigte einen hohen Zeitanteil an repetitiver Bewegungsaktivität des Rumpfes. Bestimmte Bewegungsverhaltensmusteränderungen traten zeitgleich mit diskursanalytisch als relevant eingestuften verbalen Äußerungen der Patientin auf. Die Modalität der Bezugnahme im impliziten gestischen Verhalten des Arztes beinhaltete Spiegeln und Symbolisierung. Die repetitive Bewegungsaktivität scheint auch bei Abwesenheit von Selbstberührung selbstregulierende Funktion besitzen. Veränderungen in Bewegungsverhaltensmustern weisen auf therapeutisch relevante Momente in den Arzt-Patienten-Gesprächen hin. Gestische Bezugnahme ist therapeutisch wirksam, auch wenn der Arzt sich seiner „Intervention“ nicht bewusst ist. 

Abstract

In an analysis of a video-taped 7-minute doctor-patient interview, the body movements and kinetic interactions were coded with movement behaviour scales by two independent raters. For the first time, the kinetic analysis was systematically compared with an independently conducted discourse analysis. The patient’s movement behaviour was characterized by a high rate of repetitive trunk movements. Specific kinetic pattern changes co-occurred with verbal utterances that had been identified as therapeutically relevant in the discourse analysis. In his implicit gestural behaviour, the doctor related to the patient by mirroring her and by symbolizing. Repetitive movement activity without self-touching is associated with self-regulatory processes just like continuous self-touching. Changes in movement behaviour patterns help to identify therapeutically relevant processes. Relating to the patient on the gestural level is therapeutically effective, even if the therapist is not aware of his “interventions”. 

Schlüsselwörter

non-verbale Kommunikation - Bewegungsverhalten - Interaktionsanalyse - Psychotherapieforschung - Spiegeln

Key words

non-verbal communication - movement behaviour - interaction analysis - psychotherapy research - mirroring

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