Myosonografie: eine aktuelle Übersicht und Ausblick

Zusammenfassung

Strukturelle und funktionelle Eigenschaften der Muskulatur können mithilfe der Ultraschallsonografie nicht-invasiv und in Echtzeit am Patienten untersucht werden. Während die Echokardiografie inzwischen unverzichtbare Routine im klinischen Alltag des Kardiologen geworden ist, gelangt die Neurosonografie und Myosonografie in das Aufmerksamkeitsfeld der Neurologen. B-Bild und Duplex erlauben eine Analyse der Muskelstruktur, deren Verletzungen und Erkrankungen. Die Lokalisation der Positionen von Nadeln zur EMG-Ableitung, zur Injektion von Medikamenten oder zur gezielten Biopsie unter Berücksichtigung von Gefäßen eröffnet neue Anwendungen. Im B-/M-Mode oder TVI gelingt eine dynamische Analyse physiologischer und pathologischer Bewegungsmuster. Perspektivisch erlaubt die Myosonografie ein Monitoring des Muskelauf- und -abbaus, der Wirkung von pharmakologischen Therapien auf die Kontraktionseigenschaften und von sportmedizinischen und rehabilitativen Übungs-Therapien.

Abstract

The structural and functional properties of a patient’s musculature can be examined non-invasively and in real-time with the help of sonography. Whereas echocardiography has mean­while become an indispensable method in the daily clinical routine of cardiologists, neurosono­graphy and myosonography have attracted the attention of neurologists. B image and duplex techniques make possible an analysis of the structure of muscles as well as their injuries and diseases. The localisation of the position of needles, e. g., for EMG recordings, for the injection of drugs or for targetted biopsies under consideration of the relevant vessels open up new applications of the method. The use of B/M modes or TVI enables the dynamic analysis of physiological and patghological movement patterns. In future myosonography will allow us to monitor, for example, muscular development and degradation, the impact of pharmacological therapies on the contractive properties and the effects of sports-medical and rehabilitation treatments.

Schlüsselwörter

Ultraschall - Muskelbewegungen - Muskelstruktur - TVI

Key words

Ultrasound - Muscle Movement - Muscle Structure - TVI

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