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Semin Neurol 2012; 32(03): 173-178
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1329193
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Drug Therapy from the Bench to the Bedside

Summer Bell Gibson
1   Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
,
Mark B. Bromberg
1   Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
01 November 2012 (online)

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Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an unrelenting progressive neurodegenerative disease causing progressive weakness, ultimately leading to death. Despite aggressive research, the pathways leading to neuronal death are incompletely understood. Riluzole is the only drug clinically proven to enhance survival of ALS patients, but its mechanism of action is not clearly understood. In this article, the proposed pathophysiology of ALS is reviewed including glutamate excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, autoimmune mechanisms, protein aggregation, SOD1 accumulation, and neuronal death. Based on these mechanisms, past major ALS drug studies will be reviewed as well as promising current ALS drug studies, focusing on the advancement of these studies from the bench to the patient's bedside.

Keywords

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - ALS - Lou Gehrig's disease - treatments and investigational drugs
 

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