Intraoperative Bildgebung in der Veterinärmedizin

Zusammenfassung

Anlehnend an die Humanmedizin spielt auch in der Veterinärmedizin die intraoperative Bildgebung, insbesondere bei orthopädischen Eingriffen, eine große Rolle. Als häufigstes Medium kommt im Operationssaal dabei der C-Bogen zum Einsatz, der basierend auf der Röntgentechnik intra operationem Durchleuchtungsaufnahmen von Knochen und Implantaten anfertigt, die dem Chirurgen die Arbeit sehr erleichtern. Die Anwendung verkürzt durch die direkt in der Operation mögliche Evaluierung der Wiederherstellung der anatomischen Reposition der Knochen bzw. des korrekten Sitzes der Implantate die Operationszeit und damit die Narkosedauer. Zudem wird dadurch die Zahl der Revisionsoperationen deutlich verringert. Durch den Einsatz von Kontrastmittel ist die intraoperative Bildgebung mithilfe des C- Bogens auch in der Kardiologie und Weichteilchirurgie, insbesondere im Rahmen von minimalinvasiven Interventionen, nicht mehr wegzudenken. In dieser Arbeit werden einige Einsatzbereiche des C-Bogens anhand von Beispielen beschrieben. Des Weiteren werden andere intraoperative Bildgebungstechniken, die in der Veterinärmedizin angewendet werden, wie der Ultraschall, die Computer- und Magnetresonanztomografie, kurz beschrieben.

Abstract

With reference to human medicine intraoperative diagnostic imaging also plays a major role in veterinary medicine, especially in orthopedic surgery. As the most frequent medium the C-arm is used in the operating room, which, based on the X-ray technology, provides intraoperative radiographic snapshots of bones and implants which greatly facilitates the surgeonʼs work. The application of the C-arm shortens the operation time as well as the duration of anesthesia due to providing the possibility of evaluating directly during the operation, e.g. the restoration of the anatomic reposition of the bones or the correct position of the implants. Moreover, using this medium, the number of revision operations is significantly reduced. By the application of contrast medium, intraoperative diagnostic imaging by using the C-arm has become indispensable also in the soft tissue surgery and cardiology, in particular in the field of minimally invasive interventions. Some fields of application of the C-arm, based on examples, are described in this article. Further, other intraoperative imaging techniques such as ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging which are applied in veterinary medicine are shortly described.

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