Komplikationen und Prognose der Polymyalgia rheumatica

Zusammenfassung

Die Prognose der Polymyalgia rheumatica hinsichtlich einer vollständigen Ausheilung ist günstig. Ungünstigere Verläufe sind bei Übergängen in eine Arteriitis temporalis mit ihrem eigenen Komplikationsspektrum zu erwarten. Das Risiko des Auftretens dieser Erkrankungen bei bestehender Polymyalgia rheumatica wird allerdings unterschiedlich eingeschätzt. Malignome können die Klinik einer Polymyalgia rheumatica imitieren, treten jedoch wohl nicht als deren Folge auf. Daten zu Schäden durch die hohe systemische Entzündungsaktivität der Polymyalgia rheumatica sind uneinheitlich. Nebenwirkungen durch die in der Regel mit Glukokortikoiden durchgeführte Therapie sind häufig. Die Lebenserwartung der Patienten scheint insgesamt nicht beeinträchtigt zu sein. Die Studiendaten zur Krankheitsdauer sind heterogen. Die Angaben schwanken zwischen 1–3 Jahren bei häufig auch notwendiger Therapiefortführung über mehr als 5 Jahre.

Abstract

Polymyalgia rheumatica is a highly inflammatory disease with a favorable prognosis. The occurrence of giant-cell arteritis with a distinct spectrum of complications might worsen the prognosis. Malignant disease can imitate symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica but is not a consequence of polymyalgia in general. Data concerning complications due to systemic inflammatory activity are controversial. Glucocorticoid therapy frequently leads to adverse side effects. Life expectancy of patients suffering from polymyalgia rheumatica is still comparable with that of the general population. Data regarding the duration of disease differ. Whereas some patients require therapy for more than 5 years, mean treatment duration in most studies was 1–3 years.

Schlüsselwörter

Polymyalgia rheumatic - Arteriitis temporalis - Prognose - Komplikation - Lebenserwartung

Key words

polymyalgia rheumatic - giant-cell arteritis - prognosis - complications - mortality

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