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Neuropediatrics 2018; 49(01): 003-011
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1604404
Review Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

MOG Spectrum Disorders and Role of MOG-Antibodies in Clinical Practice

Eva-Maria Hennes
1   Department of Paediatrics, Olga Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
,
Matthias Baumann
2   Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
,
Christian Lechner
2   Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
,
Kevin Rostásy
3   Department of Pediatric Neurology, Vestische Kinder- und Jugendklinik Datteln, Witten/Herdecke University, Datteln, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

04 June 2017

14 June 2017

Publication Date:
31 August 2017 (online)

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Abstract

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies (abs) are present in one third of all children with an acute demyelinating syndrome (ADS). MOG-abs can be found in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), transverse myelitis, isolated optic neuritis (ON), or recurrent demyelinating diseases, such as multiphasic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) without aquaporin-4 (AQP4) abs or multiphasic ADEM (MDEM), but rarely in children who subsequently develop multiple sclerosis (MS). The presence of MOG-abs is age dependent with the highest seropositivity rates found in young children and an episode of ADEM, whereas older children with MOG-abs present with ON, myelitis, or brainstem symptoms. MOG-abs, initially thought to be associated with a benign disease course, are found in a substantial proportion of children with relapsing episodes associated with high and persisting MOG-ab titers. This review describes, in particular, the increasing spectrum of phenotypes associated with MOG-abs with a focus on clinical characteristics, radiological features, and therapeutic aspects.

Keywords

MOG-antibodies - acute demyelinating syndromes - children - monophasic - relapsing
 

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