Einfluss modifizierbarer Lebensstilfaktoren auf die Gewichtsentwicklung und Körperfettverteilung

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Vorhersagemodellen zufolge wird sich der seit den 1990er Jahren vollziehende Anstieg der Adipositasprävalenz bei gleich bleibenden Ernährungs- und Lebensgewohnheiten auch künftig fortsetzen. Zur Senkung der Prävalenz ist es notwendig, bei noch nicht adipösen Personen das Risiko zu reduzieren, den Adipositasstatus zu erreichen.

Ergebnisse Im Rahmen der EPIC-Studie wurden folgende Erkenntnisse im Hinblick auf die Zusammenhänge zwischen modifizierbaren Lebensstilfaktoren und der Adipositasentstehung gewonnen: Abgeschwächte Zunahmen an Gewicht und Taillenumfang wurden bei Personen mit höherem Ballaststoffverzehr und mehr körperlicher Aktivität beobachtet. Höherer Verzehr an Obstund Gemüse wirkte vor allem bei ehemaligen Rauchern einer Gewichtszunahme entgegen. Der Fettverzehr hatte weder einen Einfluss auf Gewichtsnoch auf Taillenumfangsveränderungen. Die vermehrte Aufnahme von tierischem Protein führte zu einem vergleichsweise höheren Gewichtszuwachs, während höherer Alkoholkonsum sowohl mit Zuwächsen des Gewichtes als auch des Taillenumfanges assoziiert war.

Summary

Background According to prediction models, the increase in obesity prevalence since the 1990s will continue in the future, if nutrition and lifestyle habits do not change. To decrease the prevalence it is necessary to reduce obesity risk in non-obese subjects.

Results Knowledge about the relationships of modifiable lifestyle factors and the development of obesity has been collected within the scope of the EPIC study: Higher fiber intake and more physical activity attenuated the increase in weight and waist circumference. Higher intake of fruits and vegetables counteracted weight gain – especially in former smokers. Fat intake did not influence changes in weight and waist circumference. Higher consumption of animal protein induced weight gain, whereas higher alcohol consumption was associated with gain in weight and waist circumference.

Schlüsselwörter

EPIC - modifizierbare Lebensstilfaktoren - Gewicht - Taillenumfang

Keywords

EPIC - modifiable lifestyle factors - weight - waist circumference

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