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Nervenheilkunde 2003; 22(09): 438-442
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1626332
Original- und Übersichtsarbeiten/Original and Review Articles
Schattauer GmbH

Pharmakotherapie von ADHD

Biologische Grundlagen, Chancen und GrenzenPharmacotherapy of ADHDbiology, chances and limitations
W. Kreis
1   Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (Vorstand: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Wolfgang Kreis)
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Publication History

Publication Date:
18 January 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die verschiedenen Ausprägungen von ADHD lassen sich mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit auf Störungen der Reizübertragung im zentralen Nervensystem zurückführen. Diese benötigt im Bereich der Synapsen eine temporäre »chemische Brücke«, die von Neurotransmittern bei Bedarf – und nur dann – bereitgestellt und immer wieder neu auf- und abgebaut werden muss. Damit sind Angriffspunkte für eine medikamentöse Therapie von ADHD gegeben und definiert: Synthese, Freisetzung, Abbau, Aufnahme oder Transport solcher Neurotransmitter sollen so beeinflusst werden, dass eine »normale« Situation erreicht wird. Aktuelle Ergebnisse der Interaktion von Arzneistoffen mit Dopamin- bzw. Noradrenalinvermittelten Vorgängen werden vorgestellt und diskutiert.

Summary

There is now good evidence that ADHD is associated with disorders in the transmission of signals in the central nervous system. Synaptic signal transduction is realised by the formation of a temporary „chemical bridge” which is provided only on demand and constructed and destroyed incessantly. Hence, the targets and strategies to medicate ADHD are well defined: Synthesis, degradation, uptake or transport of neurotransmitters have to be affected with a view to approach the “normal” situation. Special emphasis will be placed on processes mediated by dopamine and noradrenaline.

Schlüsselwörter

ADHD - Dopamin - Methylphenidat - Amphetamin - Atomoxetin

Keywords

ADHD - dopamine - methylphenidate - amphetamine
 

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