Summary
Objectives A “smart home” is a residence wired with technology features that monitor the well-being
and activities of their residents to improve overall quality of life, increase independence
and prevent emergencies. This type of informatics applications targeting older adults,
people with disabilities or the general population is increasingly becoming the focus
of research worldwide. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive review
of health related smart home projects and discuss human factors and other challenges.
MethodsTo cover not only the medical but also the social sciences and electronics literature,
we conducted extensive searches across disciplines (e.g., Medline , Embase , CINAHL,
PsycINFO, Electronics and Communications Abstracts, Web of Science etc.). In order
to be inclusive of all new initiatives and efforts in this area given the innovativeness
of the concept, we manually searched for relevant references in the retrieved articles
as well as published books on smart homes and gerontechnology
Results A total of 114 publications (including papers, abstracts and web pages) were identified
and reviewed to identify the overarching projects. Twenty one smart home projects
were identified (71% of the projects include technologies for functional monitoring,
67% for safety monitoring, 47% for physiological monitoring, 43% for cognitive support
or sensory aids, 19% for monitoring security and 19% to increase social interaction).
Evidence for their impact on clinical outcomes is lacking.
Conclusions The field of smart homes is a growing informatics domain. Several challenges including
not only technical but also ethical ones need to be addressed.
Keywords
Home care services - physiologic monitoring - aged - frail elderly - dementia
