Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors influencing the degree of hearing improvement after sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and sealing of labyrinthine membranes

Tympanotomy and sealing of labyrinthine membranes is a frequently used practiced therapy in severe SSNHL. Aim of the study is the evaluation of audiometric results and analysis of influencing prognostic parameters.

In a retrospective study data of the history and audiometry of 136 subjects with a severe to profound SSNHL treated by tympanotomy and sealing of the labyrinthine membranes were analyzed. Audiometric data were evaluated by 4-pure tone average (4-PTA) and the classifications by Siegel as well as Kanzaki. Multivariate analysis was performed by a logistic regression model.

The mean 4-PTA was 106.5 ± 15.4 dB pre-op and 63.9 ± 35.9 dB post-op (p < 0.001). In 18.4% the hearing returned to normal according to Siegel type I (4-PTA< 25 dB). By using the classification by Kanzaki 28.0% obtained a type I.1 or I.2, respectively. According to different target parameters following factors were evaluated as prognostic relevant: 1. Pressure changes of the inner ear, 2. Vertigo, 3. Degree of pre-op hearing loss, 4. Age, 5. Spontaneous nystagmus, and 6. Pre-op failure of vestibular organ.

Even if the prognosis of a SSNHL with a severe or profound hearing loss is worse than those with a mild or moderate one restoration of the hearing can still be achieved in one fifth up to one quarter in the first-mentioned subjects. The evaluated parameters provide a pre-op assessment of the prognosis.

Publication History

Publication Date:
18 April 2018 (online)