Download PDF
Thromb Haemost 1995; 74(03): 828-832
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1649831
Original Article
Clinical Studies
Schattauer GmbH Stuttgart

Fibrin D-Dimer, Haemostatic Factors and Peripheral Arterial Disease

Amanda J Lee
1   The Wolfson Unit for Prevention of Peripheral Vascular Diseases, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
,
F Gerald R Fowkes
1   The Wolfson Unit for Prevention of Peripheral Vascular Diseases, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
,
Gordon D O Lowe
2   The Haemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Medicine Unit, University Department of Medicine, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
,
Ann Rumley
2   The Haemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Medicine Unit, University Department of Medicine, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received 06 February 1995

Accepted after revision 06 April 1995

Publication Date:
09 July 2018 (online)

  PDF Download  Permissions and Reprints

Summary

Several haemostatic factors have been shown to have a predictive role in cardiovascular disease, although their relationship with prevalent peripheral arterial disease is not well reported. Using a random sample of 1592 men and women aged 55-74 years from Edinburgh, Scotland, we examined the relationship of von Willebrand factor (vWF), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and fibrin D-dimer antigens and factor VII activity to peripheral arterial disease. t-PA antigen and fibrin D-dimer showed significant linear trends of increased levels with increasing severity of disease in both sexes (p ≤0.01) and vWF showed a similar pattern in men only (p ≤0.01). On multivariate analysis, fibrin D-dimer was independently related to the risk of intermittent claudication (p ≤0.01) and, among men, to the extent of arterial narrowing in the lower limb, as measured by the ankle brachial pressure index, (ABPI) (p ≤0.001). These results are further evidence of a role for intravascular fibrin deposition in the development of peripheral atherosclerosis.

 

  • References

  • 1 Meade TW, Chakrabarti R, Haines AP, North WR S, Stirling Y, Thompson SG. Haemostatic function and cardiovascular death; early results of a prospective study. Lancet 1980; 1: 1050-1054
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Ernst E, Resch KL. Fibrinogen as a cardiovascular risk factor: a metaanalysis and review of the literature. Ann Intern Med 1993; 118: 956-963
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Banerjee AK, Pearson J, Gilliland EL, Goss D, Lewis JD, Stirling Y, Meade TW. A six year prospective study of fibrinogen and other risk factors associated with mortality in stable claudicants. Thromb Haemost 1992; 68: 261-263
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Fowkes FG R, Lowe GD O, Housley E, Rattray A, Rumley A, Elton RA, MacGregor IR, Dawes J. Cross-linked fibrin degradation products, progression of peripheral arterial disease, and risk of coronary heart disease. Lancet 1993; 342: 84-86
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Jansson JH, Nilsson TK, Johnson O. von Willebrand factor in plasma: a novel risk factor for recurrent myocardial infarction and death. Br Heart J 1991; 66: 351-355
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Ridker PM, Vaughan DE, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Hennekens CH. Endogenous tissue-type plasminogen activator and risk of myocardial infarction. Lancet 1993; 341: 1165-1168
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Vaughan D. Prospective study of endogenous tissue plasminogen activator and risk of stroke. Lancet 1994; 343: 940-943
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Smith FB, Lowe GD O, Fowkes FG R, Rumley A, Rumley AG, Donnan PT, Housley E. Smoking, haemostatic factors and lipid peroxides in a population case control study of peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis 1993; 102: 155-162
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Meade TW, Ruddock V, Stirling Y, Chakrabarti R, Miller GJ. Fibrinolytic activity, clotting factors and long-term incidence of ischaemic heart disease in the Northwick Park Heart Study. Lancet 1993; 342: 1076-1079
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Heinrich J, Balleisen L, Schulte H, Assmann G, van de Loo J. Fibrinogen and factor VII in the prediction of coronary risk. Results from the PROCAM study in healthy men Arterioscler Thromb 1994; 14: 54-59
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Rose GA. The diagnosis of ischaemic heart pain and intermittent claudication in field surveys. Bull WHO 1962; 27: 645-648
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Lowe GD O, Fowkes FG R, Dawes J, Donnan PT, Lennie SE, Housley E. Blood viscosity, fibrinogen, and activation of coagulation and leukocytes in peripheral arterial disease and the normal population in the Edinburgh Artery Study. Circulation 1993; 87: 1915-1920
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Fowkes FG R, Housley E, Cawood EH H, Macintyre CC A, Ruckley CV, Prescott RJ. Edinburgh Artery Study: prevalence of asymptomatic and symptomatic peripheral arterial disease in the general population. Int J Epidemiol 1991; 20: 384-392
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Lowe GD O, Wood DA, Douglas JT, Riemersma RA, Macintyre CC A, Takase I, Tuddenham EG D, Forbes CD, Elton RA, Oliver MF. Relationships of plasma viscosity, coagulation and fibrinolysis to coronary risk factors and angina. Thromb Haemost 1991; 65: 339-343
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Fowkes FG R. The measurement of atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease in epidemiological surveys. Int J Epidemiol 1988; 17: 201-207
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Cucuianu MP, Missits I, Olinic N, Roman S. Increased ristocetin-cofactor in acute myocardial infarction: a component of the acute phase reaction. Thromb Haemost 1980; 43: 41-44
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Christe M, Fritschi J, Lammle B, Tran TH, Marbet GA, Berger W, Duckert F. Fifteen coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters in diabetes mellitus and in patients with vasculopathy. Thromb Haemost 1984; 52: 138-143
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Folsom AR, Wu K, Shahar E, Davis CE. Association of haemostatic variables with prevalent cardiovascular disease and asymptomatic carotid artery atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb 1993; 13: 1829-1836
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Cortellaro M, Boschetti C, Cofrancesco E, Zanussi C, Catalano M, de Gaetano G, Gabrielli L, Lombardi B, Specchia G, Tavazzi L, Tremoli E, Della Volpe A. Polli E and the PLAT Study Group. The PLAT Study: A multidisciplinary study of haemostatic function and conventional risk factors in vascular disease patients Atherosclerosis 1991; 90: 109-118
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Meade TW, Howarth DJ, Cooper J, MacCallum PK, Stirling Y. Fibrinolytic activity and arterial disease. Lancet 1994; 343: 1442
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Olofssen BO, Dahlen G, Nilsson TK. Evidence for increased levels of plasminogen activator and tissue plasminogen activator in plasma of patients with angiographically verified coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 1989; 10: 77-82
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Lassila R, Peltonen S, Lepantolo M, Saarinen O, Kauhanen P, Manninen V. Severity of peripheral arteriosclerosis is associated with fibrinogen and degradation of cross-linked fibrin. Arterioscler Thromb 1993; 13: 1738-1742
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Al-Zahrani H, Lowe GD O, Douglas JT, Cushieri R, Pollock JG, Smith WC S. Increased fibrin turnover in peripheral arterial disease: comparison with a population study. Clin Hemorheol 1992; 12: 867-872
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Kruskal JB, Commerford PJ, Franks JJ, Kirsch RE. Fibrin and fibrinogen- related antigens in patients with stable and unstable coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 1987; 317: 1361-1365
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Meade TW. Epidemiology of atheroma, thrombosis and ischaemic heart disease. In: Bloom AL, Forbes CD, Thomas DP, Tuddenham EG D. (eds) Haemostasis and Thrombosis 3rd ed, volume 2. Churchill Livingstone; London: 1994. pp 1199-1227
    Google Scholar
  • 26 Smith EB, Keen GA, Grant A, Stirk C. Fate of fibrinogen in human arterial intima. Arteriosclerosis 1990; 10: 263-275
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Thompson WD, Smith EB. Atherosclerosis and the coagulation system. J Pathol 1989; 159: 097-106
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar