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Nervenheilkunde 2018; 37(05): 330-334
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1651943
Schizophrenie
Schattauer GmbH

Ecological Momentary Assessment

Neue Wege zur Erhebung von Outcomevariablen im alltagsnahen Umfeld und deren Anwendung bei Patienten mit PsychoseEcological Momentary AssessmentNovel paths in the assessment of outcomes in the real world and its application in patients with psychosis
B. Vogel
1   Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin – Berlin, Campus Mitte
,
S. Mohnke
1   Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin – Berlin, Campus Mitte
,
H. Walter
1   Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin – Berlin, Campus Mitte
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

eingegangen am: 05 February 2018

angenommen am: 19 March 2018

Publication Date:
02 May 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die Erfassung von Psychopathologie und psychischen Problemen ist typischerweise stark abhängig von der retrospektiven Selbstauskunft der Patienten und beeinflusst durch die unnatürliche Umgebung, in der diese Informationen erhoben werden. Erinnerungsverzerrungen (recall biases) und die statische Natur von Fragebögen und klinischen Interviews, welche meist nur eine Momentaufnahme des Befindens und Verhaltens des Patienten darstellen, machen diese traditionelle Erhebungsart ungeeignet für die Erfassung von dynamischen Veränderungen von Symptomen über die Zeit und unterschiedliche Kontexte. Das Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) bietet eine Möglichkeit zur Reduzierung dieser Fehlerquellen durch die dynamische Erhebung von subjektiven und objektiven Daten im alltagsnahen Umfeld der Patienten, oft mit Hilfe von elektronischen Geräten. Durch den Einsatz von EMA in Forschung und Praxis können Erinnerungsverzerrungen minimiert, die ökologische Validität erhöht und somit eine genauere Abbildung von Psychopathologie erreicht werden. In dieser kurzen Übersicht stellen wir das EMA und seine Anwendungsbereiche vor, diskutieren die Anwendung von EMA bei Patienten mit Psychose im Allgemeinen und im ESPRIT-Verbund.

Summary

Traditionally, the assessment of psychopathology and psychological issues relies strongly on the retrospective self-report of patients and is influenced by the unnatural environments where these data are collected. Those methods are limited by recall bias and the static nature of questionnaires and clinical interviews, which typically only capture a snapshot of the patient’s experience and behavior. Therefore, these traditional methods are not well suited to assess the dynamic variability of symptom patterns over time and across different situations. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) allows for a reduction of these biases through a dynamic assessment of subjective and objective data in the subject’s natural environments. By using EMA for assessments and interventions in research and clinical settings, recall biases can be decreased and ecological validity can be increased. Therefore, a more accurate assessment of psychopathology can be achieved. In this brief review, we will introduce EMA and its scopes of application, as well as its applicability in psychosis and the ESPRIT-Network.

Schlüsselwörter

Ecological Momentary Assessment - Alltag

Keywords

Ecological Momentary Assessment - real world
 

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