Surprising Bone and Soft Tissue Lesions of the Chest: Pictorial Review

Abstract

Although plain radiographs of the chest are usually requested to evaluate the heart, lung, and mediastinum, many bone and soft tissue, metabolic, and congenital lesions can be visible presenting as surprising lesions. Thorough analysis of the lesion characteristics on the chest radiograph, eventually in conjunction with more advanced imaging techniques and in combination with the clinical findings, will lead to the correct diagnosis.

Keywords

chest radiograph - bone tumor - soft tissue tumor - incidental finding - metabolic disease

• References

• 1 Chapurlat RD, Orcel P. Fibrous dysplasia of bone and McCune-Albright syndrome. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2008; 22 (01) 55-69
• 2 Fitzpatrick KA, Taljanovic MS, Speer DP. , et al. Imaging findings of fibrous dysplasia with histopathologic and intraoperative correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004; 182 (06) 1389-1398
• 3 Levine SM, Lambiase RE, Petchprapa CN. Cortical lesions of the tibia: characteristic appearances at conventional radiography. Radiographics 2003; 23 (01) 157-177
• 4 Mahadevappa A, Patel S, Ravishankar S, Manjunath GV. Monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the rib: a case report. Case Rep Orthop 2012; 2012: 690914
• 5 Tateishi U, Gladish GW, Kusumoto M. , et al. Chest wall tumors: radiologic findings and pathologic correlation: part 2. Malignant tumors. Radiographics 2003; 23 (06) 1491-1508
• 6 Lalam RK, Cassar-Pullicino VN, Winn N. Paget disease of bone. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2016; 20 (03) 287-299
• 7 Walsh JP. Paget's disease of bone. Med J Aust 2004; 181 (05) 262-265
• 8 Smith SE, Murphey MD, Motamedi K, Mulligan ME, Resnik CS, Gannon FH. From the archives of the AFIP. Radiologic spectrum of Paget disease of bone and its complications with pathologic correlation. Radiographics 2002; 22 (05) 1191-1216
• 9 Levine BD, Motamedi K, Chow K, Gold RH, Seeger LL. CT of rib lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2009; 193 (01) 5-13
• 10 Macones Jr AJ, Fisher MS, Locke JL. Stress-related rib and vertebral changes. Radiology 1989; 170 (1 Pt 1): 117-119
• 11 Sutro CJ, Sutro WH. Sclerosis of a rib associated with a healed fracture of a contiguous thoracic vertebra. Bull Hosp Jt Dis Orthop Inst 1987; 47 (01) 67-71
• 12 Murphey MD, Choi JJ, Kransdorf MJ, Flemming DJ, Gannon FH. Imaging of osteochondroma: variants and complications with radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 2000; 20 (05) 1407-1434
• 13 Giudici MA, Moser Jr RP, Kransdorf MJ. Cartilaginous bone tumors. Radiol Clin North Am 1993; 31 (02) 237-259
• 14 Ryckx A, Somers JF, Allaert L. Hereditary multiple exostosis. Acta Orthop Belg 2013; 79 (06) 597-607
• 15 Assefa D, Murphy RC, Bergman K, Atlas AB. Three faces of costal exostoses: case series and review of literature. Pediatr Emerg Care 2011; 27 (12) 1188-1191
• 16 Ceberut K, Korkmaz M, Ergin I, Müslehiddinoglu A. Bursa formation with scapular osteochondroma in hereditary multiple exostosis. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2013; 23 (07) 512-514
• 17 O'Brien MF, Bridwell KH, Lenke LG, Schoenecker PL. Intracanalicular osteochondroma producing spinal cord compression in hereditary multiple exostoses. J Spinal Disord 1994; 7 (03) 236-241
• 18 Rodrigues JC, Mathias HC, Lyen SM. , et al. A novel cause of acute coronary syndrome due to dynamic extrinsic coronary artery compression by a rib exostosis: multimodality imaging diagnosis. Can J Cardiol 2015; 31 (10) 1303.e9-1303.e11
• 19 Wayman J, Miller S, Shanahan D. Anatomical variation of the insertion of scalenus anterior in adult human subjects: implications for clinical practice. J Anat 1993; 183 (Pt 1): 165-167
• 20 Mysorekar VR, Kulkarni RN, Kulkarni RR. The scalene tubercle. Indian J Med Sci 1991; 45 (06) 133-142
• 21 Morton KS. On the question of recurrence of osteochondroma. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1964; 46: 723-725
• 22 Shapeero LG, Vanel D, Couanet D, Contesso G, Ackerman LV. Extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Radiology 1993; 186 (03) 819-826
• 23 Souza FF, de Angelo M, O'Regan K, Jagannathan J, Krajewski K, Ramaiya N. Malignant primary chest wall neoplasms: a pictorial review of imaging findings. Clin Imaging 2013; 37 (01) 8-17
• 24 Jacobs AJ, Fishbein J, Levy CF, Glick RD. Chest wall Ewing sarcoma: a population-based analysis. J Surg Res 2016; 204 (02) 475-480
• 25 Choi EY, Gardner JM, Lucas DR, McHugh JB, Patel RM. Ewing sarcoma. Semin Diagn Pathol 2014; 31 (01) 39-47
• 26 Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM. , eds. Bone tumours (2): malignant lesions. In: Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. Edinburgh, UK: Churchill Livingstone; 2008: 1059-1081
• 27 Xu Q, Xu K, Yang C, Zhang X, Meng Y, Quan Q. Askin tumor: four case reports and a review of the literature. Cancer Imaging 2011; 11: 184-188
• 28 Lee JS, Fetsch JF, Wasdhal DA, Lee BP, Pritchard DJ, Nascimento AG. A review of 40 patients with extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Cancer 1995; 76 (11) 2253-2259
• 29 Kransdorf MJ, Meis JM. From the archives of the AFIP. Extraskeletal osseous and cartilaginous tumors of the extremities. Radiographics 1993; 13 (04) 853-884
• 30 Catanese J, Dutcher JP, Dorfman HD, Andres DF, Wiernik PH. Mediastinal osteosarcoma with extension to lungs in a patient treated for Hodgkin's disease. Cancer 1988; 62 (10) 2252-2257
• 31 Song HK, Leibold TM, Gal AA, Miller Jr JI. Extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the diaphragm presenting as a chest mass. Ann Thorac Surg 2002; 74 (02) 565-567
• 32 Tyler P, Saifuddin A. The imaging of myositis ossificans. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2010; 14 (02) 201-216
• 33 Kim JT, Yoon YH, Baek WK, Han JY, Chu YC, Kim HJ. Myositis ossificans of the chest wall simulating malignant neoplasm. Ann Thorac Surg 2000; 70 (05) 1718-1720
• 34 Nisolle JF, Delaunois L, Trigaux JP. Myositis ossificans of the chest wall. Eur Respir J 1996; 9 (01) 178-179
• 35 Walczak BE, Johnson CN, Howe BM. Myositis ossificans. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2015; 23 (10) 612-622
• 36 Goldman AB. Myositis ossificans circumscripta: a benign lesion with a malignant differential diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1976; 126 (01) 32-40
• 37 Coindre JM, Pédeutour F, Aurias A. Well-differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas. Virchows Arch 2010; 456 (02) 167-179
• 38 Evans HL. Atypical lipomatous tumor, its variants, and its combined forms: a study of 61 cases, with a minimum follow-up of 10 years. Am J Surg Pathol 2007; 31 (01) 1-14
• 39 Malloy PC, Fishman EK, Magid D. Lymphoma of bone, muscle, and skin: CT findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1992; 159 (04) 805-809
• 40 Ruzek KA, Wenger DE. The multiple faces of lymphoma of the musculoskeletal system. Skeletal Radiol 2004; 33 (01) 1-8
• 41 Crawford AH, Schorry EK. Neurofibromatosis update. J Pediatr Orthop 2006; 26 (03) 413-423
• 42 Patel NB, Stacy GS. Musculoskeletal manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012; 199 (01) W99–106
• 43 Tsirikos AI, Ramachandran M, Lee J, Saifuddin A. Assessment of vertebral scalloping in neurofibromatosis type 1 with plain radiography and MRI. Clin Radiol 2004; 59 (11) 1009-1017
• 44 Kadavkolan AS, Bhatia DN, Dasgupta B, Bhosale PB. Sprengel's deformity of the shoulder: current perspectives in management. Int J Shoulder Surg 2011; 5 (01) 1-8
• 45 Williams MS. Developmental anomalies of the scapula—the “omo”st forgotten bone. Am J Med Genet A 2003; 120A [phone]
• 46 van Aalst J, Vles JS, Cuppen I. , et al. Sprengel's deformity and spinal dysraphism: connecting the shoulder and the spine. Childs Nerv Syst 2013; 29 (07) 1051-1058
• 47 Rigault P, Pouliquen JC, Guyonvarch G, Zujovic J. Congenital elevation of the scapula in children. Anatomo-pathological and therapeutic study apropos of 27 cases [in French]. Rev Chir Orthop Repar Appar Mot 1976; 62 (01) 5-26
• 48 Shore RM, Chesney RW. Rickets: Part II. Pediatr Radiol 2013; 43 (02) 152-172
• 49 Chang CY, Rosenthal DI, Mitchell DM, Handa A, Kattapuram SV, Huang AJ. Imaging findings of metabolic bone disease. Radiographics 2016; 36 (06) 1871-1887
• 50 Zhang J, Wang H, Tian W, He Q, Zhu M. Brown tumor of the rib as a first presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism: report of three cases and literature review. Thorac Cancer 2013; 4 (04) 474-478
• 51 Chew FS, Huang-Hellinger F. Brown tumor. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1993; 160 (04) 752