Abstract
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) constitute a powerful synthetic tool to generate a
large number of small molecules with high atom economy, which thus can efficiently
expand the chemical space with molecular diversity and complexity. Aryne-based MCRs
offer versatile possibilities to construct functionalized arenes and benzo-fused heterocycles.
Because of their electrophilic nature, arynes couple with a broad range of nucleophiles.
Thus, a variety of aryne-based MCRs have been developed, the representative of which
are summarized in this account.
1 Introduction
2 Aryne-Based Multicomponent Reactions
2.1 Trapping with Isocyanides
2.2 Trapping with Imines
2.3 Trapping with Amines
2.4 Insertion into π-Bonds
2.5 Trapping with Ethers and Thioethers
2.6 Trapping with Carbanions
2.7 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Approaches
3 Strategies Based on Hexadehydro Diels–Alder Reaction
3.1 Dihalogenation
3.2 Halohydroxylation and Haloacylation
3.3 Amides and Imides
3.4 Quinazolines
3.5 Benzocyclobutene-1,2-diimines and 3H-Indole-3-imines
3.6 Other MCRs of Arynes and Isocyanides
4 Conclusion
Key words
arynes - multicomponent reactions - Diels–Alder reaction - silver - heterocycles