CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2009; 03(04): 267-272
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697443
Original Article
Dental Investigation Society

Water Absorption and HEMA Release of Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomers

Nilufer Celebi Beriat
a   School of Dental Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
,
Dilek Nalbant
b   Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
27 September 2019 (online)

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the water absorption and the amount of hydroxyethyl metacrylate (HEMA) level released from various resin modified glass ionomer cements.

Methods: Advance, Vitremer and Protec-Cem resin modified glass ionomer cements were used to evaluate the HEMA release. Ten specimens were fabricated from each cement in 10 × 1 mm height. Thirty specimens were immersed in glass containers filled with 20 ml deionized water. 1 ml solution was taken from the container at 10 minutes, 1 hour, 24 hour and 7 days intervals from each group and analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) machine and the results are presented in ppm. The data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests at a 0.05 significance level.

Results: At all time intervals Vitremer showed highest HEMA release (10 min: 54.2 ppm; 1 h: 86.8 ppm; 24 h: 93.4 ppm) (P=0.0001). At the end of 10 minutes and first hour, following Vitremer, HEMA release was highest for Protec-Cem (10 min: 14.8 ppm; 1 h: 23.6 ppm) and then Advance (10 min: 5.5 ppm; 1 h: 18.8 ppm) (P<.05). Water absorption tests were performed according to the specifications of ISO 4049. Water absorption was highest for Vitremer and lowest for the Protec-Cem and the difference among cement groups was significant (P<.005).

Conclusions: Vitremer showed the highest HEMA release and water absorption values and Protec-Cem showed the lowest values. HEMA release by time was significant for Advance cement. This release may be relevant both to the risk of adverse pulpal responses in patients and to the risk of allergy in patients and dental personnel. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:267-272)

 
  • REFERENCES

  • 1 Attin T, Vataschki M, Hellwig E. Properties of resin-modified glass-ionomer restorative materials and two polyacid-modified resin composite materials. Quintessence Int 1996;27:203-209.
  • 2 Bell RB, Barkmeier WW. Glass-ionomer restoratives and liners: shear bond strength to dentin. J Esthet Dent 1994;6:129-134.
  • 3 Croll TP, Killian CM, Helpin ML. A restorative dentistry renaissance for children: light-hardened glass ionomer/resin cement. ASDC J Dent Child 1993;60:89-94.
  • 4 de Gee AJ, Leloup G, Werner A, Vreven J, Davidson CL. Structural integrity of resin-modified glass ionomers as affected by the delay or omission of light activation. J Dent Res 1998;77:1658-1663.
  • 5 Kerby RE, Knobloch L, Thakur A. Strength properties of visible-light-cured resin-modified glass-ionomer cements. Oper Dent 1997;22:79-83.
  • 6 Leevailoj C, Platt JA, Cochran MA, Moore BK. In vitro study of fracture incidence and compressive fracture load of allceramic crowns cemented with resin-modified glass ionomer and other luting agents. J Prosthet Dent 1998;80:699-707.
  • 7 Mitchell CA, Douglas WH, Cheng YS. Fracture toughness of conventional, resin-modified glass-ionomer and composite luting cements. Dent Mater 1999;15:7-13.
  • 8 Aranha AM, Giro EM, Souza PP, Hebling J, de Souza Costa CA. Effect of curing regime on the cytotoxicity of resinmodified glass-ionomer lining cements applied to an odontoblast-cell line. Dent Mater 2006;22:864-869.
  • 9 Bertacchini SM, Abate PF, Blank A, Baglieto MF, Macchi RL. Solubility and fluoride release in ionomers and compomers. Quintessence Int 1999;30:193-197.
  • 10 Nakabayashi N, Takarada K. Effect of HEMA on bonding to dentin. Dent Mater 1992;8:125-130.
  • 11 Allen EP, Bayne SC, Becker IM, Donovan TE, Hume WR, Kois JC. Annual review of selected dental literature: report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 1999;82:27-66.
  • 12 Bouillaguet S, Wataha JC, Hanks CT, Ciucchi B, Holz J. In vitro cytotoxicity and dentin permeability of HEMA. J Endod 1996;22:244-248.
  • 13 Donovan TE, Cho GC. Contemporary evaluation of dental cements. Compend Contin Educ Dent 1999;20:197-199, 202-208, 10 passim; quiz 20.
  • 14 Gerzina TM, Hume WR. Diffusion of monomers from bonding resin-resin composite combinations through dentine in vitro. J Dent 1996;24:125-128.
  • 15 Hamid A, Okamoto A, Iwaku M, Hume WR. Component release from light-activated glass ionomer and compomer cements. J Oral Rehabil 1998;25:94-99.
  • 16 Kan KC, Messer LB, Messer HH. Variability in cytotoxicity and fluoride release of resin-modified glass-ionomer cements. J Dent Res 1997;76:1502-1507.
  • 17 Morand JM, Jonas P. Resin-modified glass-ionomer cement restoration of posterior teeth with proximal carious lesions. Quintessence Int 1995;26:389-394.
  • 18 Palmer G, Anstice HM, Pearson GJ. The effect of curing regime on the release of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) from resin-modified glass-ionomer cements. J Dent 1999;27:303-311.
  • 19 Souza PP, Aranha AM, Hebling J, Giro EM, Costa CA. In vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo biocompatibility of contemporary resin-modified glass-ionomer cements. Dent Mater 2006;22:838-844.
  • 20 Pashley EL, Zhang Y, Lockwood PE, Rueggeberg FA, Pashley DH. Effects of HEMA on water evaporation from water-HEMA mixtures. Dent Mater 1998;14:6-10.
  • 21 Yap A, Lee CM. Water sorption and solubility of resin-modified polyalkenoate cements. J Oral Rehabil 1997;24:310-314.
  • 22 Silikas N, Watts DC. High pressure liquid chromatography of dentin primers and bonding agents. Dent Mater 2000;16:81-88.
  • 23 Mazzaoui SA, Burrow MF, Tyas MJ, Rooney FR, Capon RJ. Long-term quantification of the release of monomers from dental resin composites and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. J Biomed Mater Res 2002;63:299-305.
  • 24 Iwami Y, Yamamoto H, Sato W, Kawai K, Torii M, Ebisu S. Weight change of various light-cured restorative materials after water immersion. Oper Dent 1998;23:132-137.
  • 25 Toledano M, Osorio R, Osorio E, Fuentes V, Prati C, Garci, et al. Sorption and solubility of resin-based restorative dental materials. J Dent 2003;31:43-50.